Vitrectomy cutter

1. A vitrectomy system comprising:

a surgical cutting apparatus comprising:

a cutting assembly including an outer cutter and an inner cutter;

a housing coupled to the cutting assembly, the housing containing a drive chamber, a spring chamber, at least a first diaphragm, wherein the at least first diaphragm is adhered to the inner cutter and positioned between the drive chamber and the spring chamber;

a drive chamber valve coupled to the drive chamber to supply compressed air to the drive chamber;

a spring chamber valve coupled to the spring chamber to adjust air pressure within the spring chamber; and

a processor operatively coupled to the surgical cutting apparatus and configured to:

pulse the drive chamber valve based on a desired cut rate to translate the inner cutter at the desired cut rate; and

set and maintain the air pressure in the spring chamber based on the desired cut rate for up to a threshold cut rate and adjust the air pressure within the spring chamber based on the desired cut rate only when the desired cut rate is above the threshold cut rate to adjust the stiffness of the spring chamber.

2. The vitrectomy system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to increase and maintain the air pressure within the spring chamber via the spring chamber valve when the desired cut rate is increased above the threshold cut rate, and

wherein the processor is further configured to decrease and maintain the air pressure within the spring chamber via the spring chamber valve when the desired cut rate is decreased below the threshold cut rate.

3. The vitrectomy system of claim 1 , wherein the inner cutter is adhered to a second diaphragm.

4. The vitrectomy system of claim 1 , further comprising a pedal coupled to the processor which indicates the desired cut rate to the processor based on the position of the pedal.

5. A vitrectomy system comprising:

a surgical cutting apparatus comprising:

a cutting assembly including an outer cutter cannula and an inner cutter cannula;

a housing coupled to the cutting assembly including a drive chamber and a spring chamber;

a first diaphragm coupled to the housing, wherein the first diaphragm is adhered to the inner cutter cannula and interfaces with the drive chamber and the spring chamber, wherein the spring chamber is defined by the first diaphragm and a wall of the housing, the wall substantially perpendicular to the inner cutter cannula;

a drive chamber valve coupled to the drive chamber to supply compressed air to the drive chamber; and

a spring chamber valve coupled to the spring chamber to adjust air pressure within the spring chamber;

a processor operatively coupled to the surgical cutting apparatus and configured to:

pulse the drive chamber valve based on a desired cut rate to translate the inner cutter at the desired cut rate; and

set and maintain the air pressure in the spring chamber based on the desired cut rate for up to a threshold cut rate and adjust the air pressure within the spring chamber via the spring chamber valve based on the desired cut rate only when the desired cut rate is above the threshold cut rate.

6. The vitrectomy system of claim 5 , wherein the processor is configured to supply the compressed air to the spring chamber when the desired cut rate is increased above the threshold cut rate.

7. The vitrectomy system of claim 5 , wherein the processor is configured to decrease the air pressure within the spring chamber when the desired cut rate is decreased below the threshold cut rate.

8. The vitrectomy system of claim 5 , further comprising a pedal coupled to the processor which indicates the desired cut rate to the processor based on the position of the pedal.