Diagnostic test for vaccine validation and authentication and methods of use thereof
The present invention encompasses a diagnostic test and method to authenticate the veracity of a vaccine. The diagnostic test and method are especially useful in a specific and sensitive immunochromatographic assay, performable within about 15 minutes for the authentication, validation, and veracity of a vaccine, such as a COVID-19 vaccine, in a vial prior to administration to a human.
1. A rapid diagnostic testing device for rapid authentication of a COVID-19 vaccine, comprising: a sample receiving zone, wherein the sample receiving zone comprises a first side and a second side; a conjugate zone disposed adjacent to the first side of the sample receiving zone, wherein the conjugate zone comprises a conjugate particle comprising at least one of quantum dot or metal nanocluster biolabels for binding with the analyte; and a detection zone disposed adjacent to the second side of the sample receiving zone, lateral flow assay device configured for detecting the presence or absence of at least one single-stranded target nucleic acid in a fluid sample; wherein said probes are configured specifically hybridize to said target nucleic acid to form a complex having said first and second binding partners, said sample receiving zone being in lateral flow contact with a labeling zone comprising a porous material having at least a first visible moiety reversibly bound thereto and coupled to a first ligand which specifically binds to said first binding partner to form a visible complex, said labeling zone being in lateral flow contact with a capture zone comprising a microporous membrane which contains in a portion thereof a first capture moiety immobilized thereto which is configured to specifically binds said second binding partner, said capture zone being in lateral flow contact with an absorbent zone positioned at or near the second end of said device, wherein said visible complex is captured by said capture moiety in said portion of the capture zone, wherein the labeling zone includes one or more quantum dots; wherein said rapid diagnostic testing device is configured for rapid authentication of a COVID-19 vaccine.
2. A method for authenticating the veracity of a COVID-19 vaccine, which vaccine includes a nucleic acid comprising contacting a sample of vaccine with a lateral flow assay device, which lateral flow assay device is used for detecting the presence or absence of at least one single-stranded target nucleic acid in a fluid sample, said device having a first and second end and comprising:
a sample receiving zone at or near said first end for receiving an aliquot of said sample and comprising a porous material having first and second oligonucleotide probes coupled to first and second binding partners, respectively, wherein said probes specifically hybridize to said target nucleic acid to form a complex having said first and second binding partners, said sample receiving zone being in lateral flow contact with a labeling zone comprising a porous material having at least a first visible moiety reversibly bound thereto and coupled to a first ligand which specifically binds to said first binding partner to form a visible complex, said labeling zone being in lateral flow contact with a capture zone comprising a microporous membrane which contains in a portion thereof a first capture moiety immobilized thereto which specifically binds said second binding partner, said capture zone being in lateral flow contact with an absorbent zone positioned at or near the second end of said device, wherein said visible complex is captured by said capture moiety in said portion of the capture zone, wherein the labeling zone includes one or more quantum dots.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said sample receiving zone porous material retains said probes prior to contact with said fluid sample and releases said probes after contact with said fluid sample.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said sample receiving zone porous material is selected from the group consisting of glass, cotton, cellulose, polyester, rayon, nylon, polyethersulfone, and polyethylene.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein said first and second binding partners are selected from the group consisting of antibodies or fragments thereof, proteins, haptens, antigens or fragments thereof, avidin, streptavidin, biotin, fluorescein, isothiocyanate, folic acid, folate binding protein, protein A, protein G, immunoglobulins, digoxigenin, anti-digoxigenin F(ab′)2, complementary nucleic acid segments, protein A, protein G, immunoglobulins, lectin, carbohydrate, enzymes, viruses, maleimides, haloacetyl derivatives, isotriocyanates, succinimidyl esters, sulfonyl halides, steroids, halogens and 2,4-dinitrophenyl.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein said labeling zone porous material is selected from the group consisting of glass, cotton, cellulose, polyester, polyethylene, rayon or nylon.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein said first visible moiety comprises a ligand coupled to one or more microparticle.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said microparticle is selected from the group consisting of polymers or copolymers of olefinically unsaturated monomers, glass, acrylamide, methacrylate, nylon, acrylonitrile, polybutadiene, metals, metal oxides and their derivatives, dextran, cellulose, liposomes, red blood cells, pollens, quantum dots, and bacteria.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein said capture zone membrane comprises a microporous material selected from the group consisting of nitrocellulose, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidine fluoride, nylon, charge-modified nylon, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
10. The method of claim 2 , wherein said first capture moiety is selected from the group consisting of antibodies or fragments thereof, proteins, haptens, antigens or fragments thereof, avidin, streptavidin, biotin, fluorescein isothiocyanate, folic acid, folate binding protein, protein A, protein G, immunoglobulins, digoxigenin, anti-digoxigenin F(ab′)2, complementary nucleic acid segments, protein A, protein G, immunoglobulins, lectin, carbohydrate, enzymes, viruses, maleimides, haloacetyl derivatives, isotriocyanates, succinimidyl esters, sulfonyl halides, steroids, halogens and 2,4-dinitrophenyl.
11. The method of claim 2 , wherein said capture zone is prepared by applying a solution containing said capture moiety to said membrane under conditions wherein the capture moiety becomes immobilized on said membrane, followed by drying said membrane.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said solution is applied to said membrane in the form of a line.
13. The method of claim 2 , wherein said labeling zone further comprises a second visible moiety reversibly affixed to said matrix and coupled to a second ligand, and said capture zone further comprises in a portion thereof a second capture moiety immobilized thereon which specifically binds said second ligand.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said portion of said capture zone containing said first capture moiety is separate from said portion containing second capture moiety.
15. The method of claim 2 , wherein said absorbent zone comprises a material selected from the group consisting of nitrocellulose, cellulose esters, glass, polyethersulfone, and cotton.
16. The method of claim 2 , wherein said entire test strip except for a portion of said sample receiving zone is completely sheathed in a transparent film.