Contrast-enhanced tomosynthesis with a copper filter
Systems and methods for tomosynthesis with an x-ray filter are disclosed. The present technology provides performing breast tomosynthesis in the presence of an x-ray filter. For example, an x-ray filter may be placed between an x-ray source and breast tissue. The filter may proportionally filter out a subset of the energies emitted by the x-ray source. A filter may include characteristics to filter x-ray energies based on a k-edge of a contrast agent introduced into the breast, such that the breast tissue has relatively greater exposure to x-ray energies above the k-edge of the contrast agent to illuminate the contrast agent without substantial illumination of other breast tissue. Thus, tomosynthesis images similar to those obtained using subtraction may be acquired without software-based contrast enhancing techniques.
1. A method for contrast-enhanced tomosynthesis imaging, the method comprising:
immobilizing a breast of a patient that has been exposed to a contrast agent, the patient's breast positioned substantially between an x-ray source and an x-ray detector, wherein a filter is positioned between the x-ray source and the patient's breast to proportionally filter a subset of energies of x-ray dose from the x-ray source;
acquiring, while the patient's breast is immobilized, a plurality of tomosynthesis projection images at a single x-ray energy passing through the filter, and wherein the single x-ray energy includes at least one x-ray energy greater than 33 keV;
processing the plurality of tomosynthesis projection images without image subtraction to obtain a plurality of filtered reconstructed tomosynthesis slice images; and
displaying at least one image of the filtered reconstructed tomosynthesis slice images.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filter comprises copper.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subset of energies of the single x-ray energy proportionally filtered by the filter includes at least one energy below 33 keV.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the subset of energies of the single x-ray energy proportionally filtered by the filter includes energies below 40 keV.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the contrast agent has an absorption of the single x-ray energy that is greater for higher energies.
6. An apparatus for contrast-enhanced tomosynthesis imaging, the apparatus comprising:
an x-ray source capable of selectively moving relative to a patient's breast;
an imaging x-ray detector;
a immobilization mechanism for immobilizing the patient's breast, wherein the patient's breast has been exposed to a contrast agent, the immobilization mechanism disposed between the x-ray source and the imaging x-ray detector and comprising a paddle disposed between the breast and the x-ray source and a platform disposed between the breast and the x-ray detector;
a filter insertable into the apparatus between the x-ray source and the patient's breast, wherein the filter proportionally filters a subset of energies of an x-ray dose emittable by the x-ray source;
a processor; and
memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to perform a set of operations comprising:
selectively moving the x-ray source through a plurality of selectable positions while emitting a single emission of a single x-ray energy from the x-ray source at each of the plurality of selectable positions;
detecting, by the x-ray detector, the single emission of the single x-ray energy from the plurality of selectable positions, after the single emission of the single x-ray energy passes through the filter and the patient's breast;
based on the detected single emission of the single x-ray energy from the plurality of selectable positions, generating, by the processor operatively connected to the x-ray detector, a plurality of tomosynthesis projection images; and
processing without image subtraction, by the processor, the plurality of tomosynthesis projection images to obtain a plurality of filtered reconstructed tomosynthesis slice images.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the filter comprises an element with an atomic number of at least 21.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the filter comprises as sheet member that has a thickness ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the sheet member of the filter comprises copper.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the sheet member is removably secured by an edge member.