Techniques for texture filtering using refracted ray cones
One embodiment of a method rendering one or more graphics images includes tracing a ray cone through a three-dimensional (3D) graphics scene, generating a refracted ray cone based on the ray cone and a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate frame, and rendering a graphics image based on the refracted ray cone.
1. A computer-implemented method for rendering one or more graphics images, the method comprising:
tracing a ray cone through a three-dimensional (3D) graphics scene;
computing a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate frame based on a normal to a surface at a first hit point where the ray cone intersects the surface within the 3D graphics scene, and a projection of a direction vector associated with the ray cone;
generating a refracted ray cone based on the ray cone and the 2D coordinate frame; and
rendering a graphics image based on the refracted ray cone.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein generating the refracted ray cone comprises:
computing the first hit point and a direction of a middle ray associated with the refracted ray cone based on a direction of a middle ray associated with the ray cone;
computing, in the 2D coordinate frame, a second hit point and a direction of a first side of the refracted ray cone based on a direction of a first side of the ray cone and a first rotated normal vector; and
computing, in the 2D coordinate frame, a third hit point and a direction of a second side of the refracted ray cone based on a direction of a second side of the ray cone and a second rotated normal vector.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2 , further comprising computing the first rotated normal vector and the second rotated normal vector based on a curvature of the surface.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2 , further comprising computing a width associated with the refracted ray cone based on the first hit point, a first ray associated with the direction of the first side of the refracted ray cone, and a second ray associated with the direction of the second side of the refracted ray cone.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 2 , further comprising computing an angle associated with the refracted ray cone based on the direction of the first side of the refracted ray cone and the direction of the second side of the refracted ray cone.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein rendering the graphics image comprises performing one or more isotropic texture filtering operations based on the refracted ray cone.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein rendering the graphics image comprises:
performing one or more isotropic texture filtering operations based on the ray cone; and
performing one or more anisotropic texture filtering operations based on the refracted ray cone.
8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising determining that refraction occurs at the first hit point.
9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the graphics image is rendered in association with a video game, a film, or an architectural or design application.
10. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing program instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the steps of:
tracing a ray cone through a three-dimensional (3D) graphics scene;
computing a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate frame based on a normal to a surface at a first hit point where the ray cone intersects the surface within the 3D graphics scene, and a projection of a direction vector associated with the ray cone;
generating a refracted ray cone based on the ray cone and the 2D coordinate frame; and
rendering a graphics image based on the refracted ray cone.
11. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 10 , wherein generating the refracted ray cone comprises:
computing the first hit point and a direction of a middle ray associated with the refracted ray cone based on a direction of a middle ray associated with the ray cone;
computing, in the 2D coordinate frame, a second hit point and a direction of a first side of the refracted ray cone based on a direction of a first side of the ray cone and a first rotated normal vector; and
computing, in the 2D coordinate frame, a third hit point and a direction of a second side of the refracted ray cone based on a direction of a second side of the ray cone and a second rotated normal vector.
12. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 11 , the steps further comprising computing the first rotated normal vector and the second rotated normal vector based on a curvature of the surface.
13. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 11 , the steps further comprising computing a width associated with the refracted ray cone based on the first hit point, a first ray associated with the direction of the first side of the refracted ray cone, and a second ray associated with the direction of the second side of the refracted ray cone.
14. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 11 , the steps further comprising computing an angle associated with the refracted ray cone based on the direction of the first side of the refracted ray cone and the direction of the second side of the refracted ray cone.
15. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 11 , the steps further comprising determining at least one of the middle ray associated with the ray cone, a third ray associated with the direction of the first side of the ray cone, or a fourth ray associated with the direction of the second side of the ray cone is totally internally reflected.
16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 10 , wherein rendering the graphics image comprises performing one or more texture filtering operations based on the ray cone and the refracted ray cone.
17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 16 , wherein the one or texture filtering operations comprise one or more isotropic texture filtering operations that are performed prior to generating the refracted ray cone, and one or more anisotropic texture filtering operations that are performed subsequent to generating the refracted ray cone.
18. A system, comprising:
one or more memories storing instructions; and
one or more processors that are coupled to the one or more memories and, when executing the instructions, are configured to:
trace a ray cone through a three-dimensional (3D) graphics scene,
compute a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate frame based on a normal to a surface at a first hit point where the ray cone intersects the surface within the 3D graphics scene, and a projection of a direction vector associated with the ray cone,
generate a refracted ray cone based on the ray cone and the 2D coordinate frame, and
render a graphics image based on the refracted ray cone.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the one or more memories and the one or more processes are included in one or more computing systems that provide at least one of a virtualized environment or a cloud computing environment.