Methods for laser processing coated substrates using a top-hat energy distribution
A method of separating a coated substrate includes directing an infrared laser beam onto a first surface of the coated substrate. The coated substrate includes a coating layer disposed on a transparent workpiece, a plurality of defects is disposed within the coated substrate along a contour line that divides a primary region from a dummy region of the coated substrate from a dummy region of the coated substrate. The method also includes translating at least one of the coated substrate and the infrared laser beam relative to each other such that an infrared beam spot traces an oscillating pathway that follows an offset line in a translation direction and oscillates between an inner and outer track line, the oscillating pathway is disposed on the dummy region of the coated substrate, and the infrared laser beam applies thermal energy to the plurality of defects to induce separation of the coated substrate.
1. A method of separating a coated substrate, the method comprising:
directing an infrared laser beam onto a first surface of the coated substrate wherein:
the coated substrate comprises a coating layer disposed on a transparent workpiece;
a plurality of defects is disposed within the coated substrate, extending into both the coating layer and the transparent workpiece and disposed along a contour line that divides a primary region of the coated substrate from a dummy region of the coated substrate; and
the infrared laser beam projects an infrared beam spot onto the first surface of the coated substrate; and
translating at least one of the coated substrate and the infrared laser beam relative to each other such that the infrared beam spot traces an oscillating pathway, wherein:
the oscillating pathway follows an offset line in a translation direction and oscillates between an inner track line and an outer track line, wherein each of the offset line, the inner track line, and the outer track line are disposed on the dummy region of the coated substrate such that the oscillating pathway is disposed entirely on the dummy region of the coated substrate and the offset line is parallel to and offset from the contour line; and
the infrared laser beam applies thermal energy to the plurality of defects disposed in the coated substrate and induces separation of the coated substrate along the contour line.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein when tracing the oscillating pathway, the infrared beam spot applies thermal energy to the dummy region of the coated substrate without melting or ablating the coating layer of the primary region of the coated substrate.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oscillating pathway follows a linear oscillation in which the oscillating pathway oscillates along a transverse axis that is orthogonal to the offset line.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oscillating pathway follows a wobbling oscillation in which the oscillating pathway rotationally oscillates between the inner track line and the outer track line while following the offset line in the translation direction.
5. The method claim 1 , wherein the oscillating pathway is a sawtooth pathway having angular turns at or between the inner track line and the outer track line while following the offset line in the translation direction.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the offset line is spaced a distance of from 1 mm to 2 mm from the contour line;
the inner track line is spaced a distance of from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm from the contour line; and
the outer track line is spaced a distance of from 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm from the contour line.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the infrared laser beam is generated by an infrared beam source; and
the infrared beam source is coupled to a scanner configured to translate the infrared laser beam such that the infrared beam spot traces the oscillating pathway.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating layer comprises a polymer or a metal oxide.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
forming the plurality of defects in the coated substrate prior to directing the infrared laser beam onto the first surface the coated substrate by directing a pulsed laser beam into the coated substrate, wherein:
the pulsed laser beam forms a pulsed laser beam focal line extending into the coating layer and the transparent workpiece, the pulsed laser beam focal line inducing absorption in the coating layer and the transparent workpiece, the induced absorption producing an individual defect in the coated substrate; and
the pulsed laser beam focal line comprises:
a wavelength λ;
a spot size w o ; and
a Rayleigh range Z R that is greater than
F
D
π
w
o
2
λ
,
where F D is a dimensionless divergence factor comprising a value of 10 or greater; and
translating at least one of the coated substrate and the pulsed laser beam relative to each other along the contour line to form the plurality of defects in the coated substrate.
10. A method of separating a coated substrate, the method comprising:
directing an infrared laser beam onto a first surface of the coated substrate, wherein:
the coated substrate comprises a coating layer disposed on a transparent workpiece;
a plurality of defects is disposed within the coated substrate, extending into both the coating layer and the transparent workpiece and disposed along a contour line that divides a primary region of the coated substrate from a dummy region of the coated substrate;
the infrared laser beam projects an infrared beam spot onto the first surface of the coated substrate; and
the infrared beam spot comprises an energy distribution in which 20% or less of a total energy of the infrared beam spot has a fluence less than 80% of a maximum fluence of the infrared beam spot; and
translating at least one of the coated substrate and the infrared laser beam relative to each other such that the infrared beam spot follows an offset line, wherein:
the offset line is disposed on the dummy region of the coated substrate and is offset from the contour line such that the inner region of the infrared beam spot is projected entirely onto the dummy region and not on the primary region; and
the infrared laser beam applies thermal energy to the plurality of defects disposed in the coated substrate and induces separation of the coated substrate along the contour line.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein when following the offset line, the infrared beam spot applies thermal energy to the dummy region of the coated substrate without melting or ablating the coating layer of the primary region of the coated substrate.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein:
at least one of the coated substrate and the infrared laser beam are translated relative to each other such that the infrared beam spot traces an oscillating pathway that follows the offset line in a translation direction and oscillates between an inner track line and an outer track line; and
the oscillating pathway is disposed on the dummy region of the coated substrate.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the infrared laser beam traverses a diffractive optical element before irradiating the coated substrate.
14. The method of claim 10 , further comprising, prior to directing the infrared laser beam onto the first surface the coated substrate, forming the plurality of defects in the coated substrate.
15. A method for separating a coated substrate, the method comprising:
directing an infrared laser beam onto a first surface of the coated substrate wherein:
the coated substrate comprises a coating layer disposed on a transparent workpiece;
a plurality of defects is disposed within the coated substrate, extending into both the coating layer and the transparent workpiece and disposed along a contour line that divides a primary region of the coated substrate from a dummy region of the coated substrate; and
the infrared laser beam projects an infrared beam spot onto the first surface of the coated substrate; and
the infrared beam spot comprises an annular shape; and
translating at least one of the coated substrate and the infrared laser beam relative to each other such that the infrared beam spot follows an offset line, wherein:
the offset line is disposed on the dummy region of the coated substrate and is offset from the contour line such that the infrared beam spot is projected entirely onto the dummy region and not on the primary region; and
the infrared laser beam applies thermal energy to the coated substrate thereby inducing separation of the coated substrate along the contour line.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein when following the offset line, the infrared beam spot applies thermal energy to the dummy region of the coated substrate without melting or ablating the coating layer of the primary region of the coated substrate.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein:
at least one of the coated substrate and the infrared laser beam are translated relative to each other such that the infrared beam spot traces an oscillating pathway that follows the offset line in a translation direction and oscillates between an inner track line and an outer track line; and
the oscillating pathway is disposed on the dummy region of the coated substrate.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein:
the infrared laser beam traverses an aspheric optical element before irradiating the coated substrate; and
the infrared laser beam traverses a focusing lens before irradiating the coated substrate, wherein:
the focusing lens comprises a focal plane at a focal length from the focusing lens; and
the first surface of the coated substrate is positioned relative to the focusing lens such that the focal plane is offset from the first surface of the coated substrate.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein:
the infrared laser beam comprises a pulsed infrared laser beam; and
when translating at least one of the coated substrate and the pulsed infrared laser beam relative to each other, the pulsed infrared laser beam impinges the first surface of the coated substrate at impingement locations along the offset line spaced apart a distance of from ¼ a diameter of the infrared beam spot to ½ the diameter of the infrared beam spot.