Choline chloride compositions
The present disclosure encompasses a non-caking, free-flowing composition comprising choline chloride.
1. A composition comprising choline chloride and about 0.2% to about 6% by weight of the composition of calcium chloride, wherein the composition does not perform moisture caking during storage in closed packing under ambient temperature fluctuations, and wherein the composition is characterized by a dynamic avalanche test resulting in one or more of the following parameter results:
(a) break energy lower than 170 kJ/kg,
(6) absolute break energy (ABS) lower than 300 kJ/kg,
(c) an avalanche angle lower than 50°,
(d) broadness of break energy distribution, defined as standard deviation over repeated avalanches, of <50% of the parameter value, or
(e) broadness of break energy ABS distribution, defined as standard deviation over repeated avalanches, of <20% of the parameter value.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a free moisture value below 0.5%.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the calcium chloride is adsorbed on the inner surface of fumed silica.
4. The composition of claim 2 , having a free moisture value below 0.5% after 12 months of storage in moisture resistant packaging.
5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a lubricant.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the lubricant is magnesium stearate or calcium stearate, in an amount from about 0.5-5% by weight of the composition.
7. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the lubricant is a partial glyceride, in an amount from about 0.5-5% by weight of the composition.
8. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the lubricant is fumed silica, in an amount from about 0.5-5% by weight by weight of the composition.
9. The composition of claim 1 , comprising calcium chloride in an amount of from about 0.5-5% by weight of the composition.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium chloride comprises calcium chloride dihydrate.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium chloride has a moisture content of less than or equal to 2%.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the choline chloride is USP compliant before the calcium chloride is added.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a hydrophobic compound that reduces or slows the deliquescence behavior of the composition at ambient conditions.
14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the hydrophobic compound is magnesium stearate or calcium stearate.
15. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the hydrophobic compound is a diglyceride.
16. A combination, comprising the composition of claim 1 , and a mineral or vitamin premix.
17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium chloride comprises anhydrous calcium chloride.
18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium chloride comprises up to 5 wt % of water.
19. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium chloride comprises up to 0.3 wt % of water.
20. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium chloride comprises up to 0.25 wt % of water.
21. The composition of claim 1 , comprising calcium chloride in an amount of from about 0.5 to 2%, by weight of the composition.
22. A method of making a composition of claim 1 , the method comprising mixing calcium chloride having a moisture content of less than or equal to 2% with USP grade choline chloride crystals.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the calcium chloride has the ability to take up at least 5% water at 25° C., at 15% relative humidity, within 15 hrs.
24. The method of claim 22 , where no drying is needed after the calcium chloride is added to the choline chloride crystals.
25. The method of claim 22 , further comprising adding a hydrophobic compound to the composition.
26. The method of claim 22 , further comprising drying the composition.