Non-flammable coating loaded with microcapsules encapsulating a flammable phase change material and layered structures made therewith
Non-flammable structures are disclosed that have a substrate and a layer applied to the substrate that includes a phase change material that is flammable. The layer includes a binder having mixed therein about 50% to about 90% by weight of a microencapsulated phase change material and about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of an inorganic flame retardant. The inorganic flame retardant has a volume that increases upon exposure to heat or a flame. The binder is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane, a styrene acrylic copolymer, a styrene butadiene copolymer, acrylic and combinations thereof.
1. A non-flammable structure comprising:
a substrate;
a layer applied to the substrate, the layer in dried form has a thickness of about 1 mm to about 5 mm and comprises:
a binder having mixed therein about 50% to about 90% by weight of microencapsulated phase change material and about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of an inorganic flame retardant,
wherein the inorganic flame retardant has a volume that increases upon exposure to heat or fire,
the binder is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane, a styrene acrylic copolymer, a styrene butadiene copolymer, an acrylic, and combinations thereof, and the layer in dried form provides 0.1 kg/m 2 to 2 kg/m 2 of microcapsules.
2. The non-flammable structure of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic flame retardant comprises an expandable graphite.
3. The non-flammable structure of claim 2 , further comprising a rheology modifier.
4. The non-flammable structure of claim 3 , wherein the rheology modifier is a polycarboxylate ether superplasticizer.
5. The non-flammable structure of claim 1 , wherein the binder is the styrene acrylic copolymer.
6. The non-flammable structure of claim 1 , wherein the microencapsulated phase change material is about 70% to about 90% by weight of the layer.
7. The non-flammable structure of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprises
(a) a reaction product of a cyclic urea (U) and a multifunctional aldehyde (A), and
(b) at least one crosslinker selected from the group consisting of
(b1) reaction products of an aminotriazine and at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of aliphatic monoaldehydes and multifunctional aliphatic aldehydes having the structure Y(CHO) n , where Y is an n-functional aliphatic residue, and n is greater than 1,
where U is not dihydroxyethylene urea if the crosslinker (b) is (b1),
(b2) reaction products of urea and/or cyclic ureas and formaldehyde,
(b3) alkoxycarbonylaminotriazines,
(b4) multifunctional isocyanates, optionally partially or completely blocked,
(b5) reaction products of phenols and aliphatic monoaldehydes,
(b6) multifunctional epoxides,
(b7) multifunctional aziridines, and
(b8) multifunctional carbodiimides,
wherein any of the crosslinkers (a) and (b) which have hydroxyl groups are optionally etherified with one or more linear, branched, or cyclic aliphatic alcohols.
8. The non-flammable structure of claim 1 , wherein the non-flammable structure is able to be wound into rolls.