Methods for the treatment of a flue gas stream in a flue gas train including a baghouse
A sorbent composition for enhanced baghouse function is described. The composition may include a sorbent such as powder activated carbon as well as an additive that is a heat moderator or a permeability agent. The heat moderator may act as a heat sink or barrier. Heat moderators may include in non-limiting examples phyllosilicates, cyclosilicates, or nesosilicates that may include, montmorillonite, bentonite, halloysite, aluminum silicates, muscovite, illite, kaolin, andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite, metakaolin, mullite, polymers, such as chitosan, and/or clays, either natural or synthetic (e.g., montmorillonite), or polyethylenimine. Permeability may be affected by mixing sorbents of lower D50 with sorbents of higher D50 in various ratios, or addition of a permeability agent such as a phyllosilicate, perlite, silica, diatomaceous earth. Further, a permeability agent such as a fluoropolymer may be coated onto or admixed with the sorbent. Diatomaceous earth, perlites, or silicates may also increase permeability. The compositions are particularly useful in flue gas treatment systems with baghouse separation units in that they have reduced combustibility and increased permeability properties.
1. A sorbent composition that enhances baghouse unit performance comprising:
a sorbent having a median particle diameter (D50) of not greater than about 30 μm; and
a heat moderator comprising at least a first heat moderator,
wherein the heat moderator is present in the sorbent composition at a concentration of at least about 0.5 wt. % and not greater than about 20 wt. %.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first heat moderator is selected from the group consisting of phyllosilicates, cyclosilicates, nesosilicates, colloidal silicates, aluminum silicates, mullite, perlite, organo-halogens, organo-phosphates, sodium sulfite, organic phosphinates, and combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first heat moderator comprises a phyllosilicate selected from the group consisting of kaolin, montmorillonite, illite, vermiculite, muscovite, kyanite, sillimanite, metakaolin, aluminum phyllosilicates, and combinations thereof.
4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first heat moderator comprises an aluminum silicate selected from the group consisting of zeolites, halloysite, andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite, kaolin, metakaolin, mullite, feldspar group minerals, and combinations thereof.
5. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the first heat moderator comprises an aluminum phyllosilicate comprising bentonite.
6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a binding agent.
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the binding agent comprises a polymer that forms a charged species in water.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyamines, polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, and polysaccharides.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the polymer is a polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of chitosan, dextran, cyclodextrin, and cellulose.
10. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the polymer is a polyamine selected from the group consisting of poly aminoester and polyethyleneimine.
11. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the polymer comprises poly[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate.
12. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the binding agent is coated onto the sorbent.
13. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the first heat moderator is coated onto the binding agent.
14. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the binding agent is present in the sorbent composition at a concentration of at least about 0.05 wt. % and not greater than about 10 wt. %.
15. The composition of claim 2 , further comprising a second heat moderator that is different than the first heat moderator, wherein the second heat moderator is selected from the group consisting of phyllosilicates, cyclosilicates, nesosilicates, colloidal silicates, aluminum silicates, mullite, perlite, organo-halogens, organo-phosphates, sodium sulfite, organic phosphinates, and combinations thereof.
16. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an inorganic halogen salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds.
17. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a catalytic phase metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cu, Mn, Pd, Au, Ag, Pt, Ir, V, Ni, Zn, Sn, Ti, Ce, and mixtures thereof.
18. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an acid gas agent, the acid gas agent comprising a trivalent or higher Group 3 to Group 14 metal-containing compound selected from the group consisting of a carbonate, an oxide, a hydroxide, an ionic salt precursor to a hydroxide, and combinations thereof.
19. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a flow aid, wherein the flow aid is selected from the group consisting of graphite, talc, mica, and combinations thereof.
20. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a permeability additive selected from the group consisting of perlite, silica, diatomaceous earth, zeolites, and combinations thereof.
21. The composition of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the sorbent having a size of less than 5 μm is not more than about 10 wt. % of the total sorbent composition.
22. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent has a median particle diameter of not greater than about 15 μm.