Stretchable electrically conductive ink compositions
Provided herein are stretchable conductive inks consisting of a continuous polymer phase with dispersed silver flakes and a low melting metal or alloy, wherein initial resistivity is measured before elongation and the resistivity of the stretchable conductive ink composition is less than 10 times the initial resistivity at 50% elongation.
1. A stretchable conductive ink composition comprising:
a binder;
conductive particles, which are a mixture of flakes and beads; and
a low-melting metal or alloy;
wherein the binder is a polymer, a reactive monomer with initiator, an oligomer, or a combination thereof;
wherein initial resistivity is measured before elongation,
wherein the resistivity of the stretchable conductive ink composition is less than 10 times the initial resistivity at 50% elongation, and
wherein the low melting metal or alloy is present in an amount of about 10 to about 40% by volume of the entire composition.
2. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the monomer or oligomer is polymerized when the composition is cured.
3. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is thermoplastic polyurethane.
4. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein conductive particle is silver, aluminum, copper, nickel, carbon, graphite flake.
5. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein conductive particle is present in an amount of about 20 to about 90% by volume of the entire composition.
6. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal or alloy is gallium, Field's metal, Galinstan or low melting alloys of Sn, Ga, Bi, In, or a combination thereof.
7. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein low melting metal or alloy has a melting point of less than about 200° C.
8. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the beads are silver beads.
9. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 further comprising a solvent.
10. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal or alloy comprises gallium or Galinstan.
11. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive flake is less than 10 μm.
12. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive flake is silver flake.
13. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the initial resistivity is in the range of about 1×10 −3 to about 1×10 −5 Ohm*cm.
14. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , wherein the resistivity at about 100% elongation is less than about 100 Ohm*cm.
15. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , further comprising an organic solvent.
16. The stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 , further comprising a silane.
17. An application device including the stretchable conductive ink composition of claim 1 .
18. The application device of claim 17 , which is a panel for appliance, dashboard and button for automotive or aerospace device, interface for industry control device, textile application device and/or wearable medical device.