Articles made from lipophilic-rich cellulosic material and methods therefor
The invention relates to systems and techniques for manufacturing articles containing cellulosic material, a tackifier, and a binder, and related processes of making and using the cellulosic articles. In particularly exemplary embodiments, the manufactured articles are door skins, sometimes known as door facings, and doors made from the door skins. The article contains a lipophilic cellulosic material, a tackifier, and a binder.
1. A method for making a composite article, comprising the steps of:
a) mixing a lipophilic-rich cellulosic material (LCM) with a binder to provide a binder rich LCM, wherein the LCM comprises at least 2 wt % of a lipophilic component;
b) drying the binder rich LCM to provide a dried LCM;
c) mixing the dried LCM with a tackifier to provide a composite mixture;
d) forming a cellulosic mat from the composite mixture; and
e) consolidating the cellulosic mat to form the composite article.
2. The method of claim 1 , including the step of selecting the LCM from Acacia wood, Eucalyptus wood, cypress wood, rice straws, wheat straws as annual fibers, or combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , including the step of selecting the binder from the group consisting of is urea formaldehyde (UF), phenol formaldehyde (PF), melamine urea formaldehyde (mUF), polymethylene poly(phenyl isocyanates) (pMDI), or combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , including the step of selecting the tackifier from any one of an acrylic polymer, an isocyanate, a polyethylene imine, a polyamide amine, a polycarbodiimide, a phenol formaldehyde resin, a polyvinyl acetate, a starch, or combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 4 , including the step of selecting as the tackifier a high molecular weight acrylic polymer.
6. The method of claim 4 , including the step of selecting as the acrylic polymer a i) a C 1 to C 20 alkyl (meth)acrylate, ii) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, iii) a vinyl aromatic group, iv) a vinyl ester of a C 2 to C 13 alkyl carboxylic acid ester, v) a C 2 to C 8 hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, vi) an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile, vii) an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated amide-group-containing compound, viii) a reactive vinyl cross-linker, ix) combinations thereof, or x) reaction products thereof.
7. The method of claim 6 , including the step of the selecting as the C 1 to C 20 alkyl (meth)acrylate a methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, 2 -ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, heptyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, nonyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, undecyl (meth)acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, isobomyl (meth)acrylate, norbornyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tertbutylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, dimethyl maleate, n-butyl maleate, propylene glycol (meth)acrylate, carbodiimide (meth)acrylate, t-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-t-butylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, or combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , including the step of coating the tackifier onto the mat.
9. The method of claim 1 , including the step of distributing the tackifier throughout the mat.
10. The method of claim 1 , including the step of combining non-lipophilic cellulosic material with the LCM, wherein the non-lipophilic cellulosic material and the lipophilic cellulosic material form a total cellulosic material.
11. The method of claim 1 , including the step of providing tackifier at a ratio of tackifier to the LCM of about 0.3 to about 2 wt %, and a ratio of the binder to the LCM of about 2 to about 12 wt %.
12. The method of claim 11 , including the step of providing tackifier at a ratio of tackifier to LCM of about 0.3 to about 2 wt %.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite article is a door skin.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the total cellulosic material comprises about 20 wt % to about 100 wt % of the LCM base on the total weight of the total cellulosic material.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the total cellulosic material comprises more than 25 wt % of Acacia fibers, with the balance being made up of mixed tropical hardwood.
16. A method for making a door skin, comprising the steps of:
f) mixing a lipophilic-rich cellulosic material (LCM) with a binder to provide a binder rich LCM, wherein the LCM comprises at least 2 wt % of a lipophilic component;
g) drying the binder rich LCM to provide a dried LCM;
h) mixing the dried LCM with a tackifier to provide a composite mixture;
i) providing a press configured to form a door skin;
j) positioning the composite mixture in the press; and
k) closing the press and thereby consolidating the composite mixture to form a door skin.
17. The method of claim 16 , including the step of selecting the LCM from Acacia wood, Eucalyptus wood, cypress wood, rice straws, wheat straws as annual fibers, or combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 16 , including the step of selecting the binder from the group consisting of is urea formaldehyde (UF), phenol formaldehyde (PF), melamine urea formaldehyde (mUF), polymethylene poly(phenyl isocyanates) (pMDI), or combinations thereof.
19. The method of claim 18 , including the step of selecting the tackifier from any one of an acrylic polymer, an isocyanate, a polyethylene imine, a polyamide amine, a polycarbodiimide, a phenol formaldehyde resin, a polyvinyl acetate, a starch, or combinations thereof.
20. The method of claim 16 , including the step of combining non-lipophilic cellulosic material with the LCM, wherein the non-lipophilic cellulosic material and the lipophilic cellulosic material form a total cellulosic material.