COLOR COATINGS WITH DOWNSTREAM FEATURES
Aspects of the invention are directed to characteristics and parameters of color coatings on keratin fibers. The color coatings are produced from compositions of several kinds of polymers that enable the color coatings to exhibit adherence, remanence, wear fastness and resistance to environmental attack.
1 . A composition for treating keratinous surfaces, comprising a preformed composition or a reactive composition wherein:
a) The preformed composition comprises a medium and a preformed polymer of organic, silicone or organosilicone construction having multiple numbers of non-reactive functional groups distributed within the polymer chain(s) and/or distributed as pendant groups along the polymer chain, the functional groups comprising one or more of urethan, urea, ester, amide, hydroxyl, amine and carboxyl groups and any combination thereof; the distribution of the non-reactive functional groups per preformed polymer molecule being in a range from one per 1000 monomeric units to one per 10 monomeric units;
b) The reactive composition comprises a medium and first and second components, the first component comprising an organic, silicone or organosilicone polymer having first reactive functional groups and the second component comprising an organic, silicone or organosilicone in situ linking material having reactive second functional groups wherein the first and second reactive functional groups are complementary reactive pairs and can form covalent linkages in situ to form an in situ polymer product of organic, silicone or organosilicone configuration;
c) The preformed polymer and the in situ polymer product have a wt avg molecular weight range of at least about 1 KDa;
d) The first and second components have a wt avg molecular weight range of from about 120 Da to about 500 KDa and have complementary reactive group densities of at least about 1 per first and/or second component molecule;
e) The first and second components optionally have in chain and/pendant non-reactive functional groups that do not in situ react with the complementary reactive pairs;
f) The preformed polymer has a linear configuration or an optional cross-linked configuration wherein the cross-linked configuration comprises at least 1 cross-link per 10 molecules and the cross links provide a branched, star or network configuration of the preformed polymer.
2 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising the preformed composition alone.
3 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising the reactive composition alone.
4 . A composition according to claim 1 comprising a combination of the preformed composition and the reactive composition wherein the combination is made before treatment of the keratinous surface or the keratinous surface is sequentially treated with the preformed composition and reactive composition so as to provide individual layers of the preformed composition and the in situ polymer product.
5 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 4 wherein the preformed composition and/or reactive composition further comprises pigment particles dispersed in the medium.
6 . A composition according to claim 5 wherein the preformed composition and/or reactive composition further comprises one or more dispersants for maintaining a dispersion of the pigment particles in the medium.
7 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 6 wherein the preformed composition is converted to an elastomeric film coating of at least the preformed polymer on keratinous surfaces and/or reactive composition is converted to an elastomeric film coating of at least the in situ polymer product on keratinous surfaces.
8 . A composition according to claim 7 wherein the non-functional groups and reactive functional group products of the complementary reactive pairs display hydrogen bonding and/or electrostatic and/or dipolar interaction and/or any combination thereof with keratinous surfaces.
9 . A composition according to any of claim 7 or 8 wherein the elastomeric film has a Young's modulus in a range of from about 1.0 MPa to about 5000 MPa, and a surface energy of less than 24 nM m −1 .
10 . A composition according to any of the preceding claims 7 - 9 wherein the elastomeric film is a coating of keratin fibers of living human scalp hair and the coating has a remanence of at least 10 washing with shampoo, a rub off resistance of at least 30 strokes with a crockmeter, a resistance to sebum of at least 5 cycles, and a tactile and aural sensation similar to that produced from untreated natural blond hair.
11 . A composition according to any of claims 7 - 10 wherein the keratin fibers with elastomeric film comprise a coated swatch of human hair with one end of the swatch attached to a stanchion.
12 . A composition according to claim 11 wherein the coated swatch has a remanence of at least 10 washing with aqueous anionic detergent, a rub off resistance of at least 30 strokes with a crockmeter, a resistance to sebum of at least 5 cycles, and a tactile and aural sensation similar to that produced from untreated natural blond hair
13 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 12 wherein the functional group distribution ranges from about one per 1000 monomeric units to about one per 1 monomer units, preferably from about one per 500 monomeric units to about one per 1 monomeric units.
14 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 13 wherein the non-functional groups comprise urethan, urea, ester, amide or any combination thereof, preferably urethan or urea or any combination thereof.
15 . A composition comprising a pretreatment composition comprising a medium and an amine compound comprising an organic, silicone or organosilicone polymer having multiple amine groups in the polymer chain and/or as pendant groups, or a silane of one to twenty silicons having a distribution of organoamine groups and alkoxy silyl groups.
16 . A composition according to claim 15 wherein the pretreatment composition is converted to an elastomeric film coating of at least the amine compound on keratinous surfaces.
17 . A composition according to claim 7 and 16 wherein the elastomeric film coating of amine compound is overlaid by the elastomeric film coating of at least the preformed polymer or of at least the in situ polymer product.
18 . A composition according to claim 1 and 15 wherein the pretreatment composition is separate from the preformed composition and the reactive composition.
19 . A composition according to any of claims 15 - 18 wherein the amine compound is polyethylene imine or aminoalkyl alkoxy silane of one to twenty silicons having a distribution of organoamine groups, alkoxy silyl groups, alkyl groups an optional linkers to organic and/or silicone oligomers and/or polymers.
20 . A composition comprising a post treatment composition comprising a medium and a topcoat material.
21 . A composition according to claim 20 wherein the topcoat material comprises one or more of a UV filter, an organic pigment in an aminosilicone polymer composition, a wear resistant olefinic polymer, a sacrificial non-sticky substance, a polyester, a poly (higher alkyl (meth)acrylate), a shellac, a polyester, a poly (higheralkyl (meth)acrylate), a volatile organic solvent, a fragrance, or an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles comprising a hydrophilic polymer with neutralized acid moieties and at least a portion of the polymer particles comprise cores of pigment particles, and any combination thereof.
22 . A composition according to claim 20 or 21 in combination with any of the compositions of claims 1 - 19 .
23 . A composition according to claim 22 wherein the compositions are separate before treatment of keratinous surface.
24 . A composition according to claim 23 wherein the compositions are converted into elastomeric film coatings on a keratinous surface and the elastomeric film from the pretreatment composition is overlaid by the elastomeric film from the preformed composition or the reactive composition and both are overlaid by the elastomeric film of the topcoat material.
25 . A composition comprising a care composition comprising a medium and a keratinous surface care active agent.
26 . A composition according to claim 25 wherein the keratinous surface active agent comprises a lubricating agent, a sacrificial liquid layer, a tactile sense modifier, a color enhancer, a color brightener and any combination thereof.
27 . A composition according to claim 25 or 26 in combination with any of the compositions of claims 1 - 24 wherein the care composition is separate from the preformed composition, the reactive composition, the pretreatment composition and the post treatment composition.
28 . A composition according to 27 wherein the compositions are converted into elastomeric film coatings on a keratinous surface and the elastomeric film from the pretreatment composition is overlaid by the elastomeric film from the preformed composition or the reactive composition and both are overlaid by the elastomeric film of the topcoat material and all are overlaid by the elastomeric film of the care composition.
29 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 28 wherein the preformed composition and the reactive composition comprise respectively a preformed polymer and first and second components that react to produce an in situ polymer product wherein the preformed polymer and the in situ polymer product have functional groups that are susceptible to cleavage by a ultra UV electromagnetic radiation, have functional groups susceptible to cleavage with sodium fluoride; have functional groups susceptible to cleavage with aminoethanol in aqueous hydroxide; and/or have ester and/or carbonate in chain groups that are susceptible to cleavage with an ester or carbonate cleavage agent.
30 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 29 wherein the preformed composition and/or the pretreatment composition and/or the reactive composition further comprise a cellulose derivative that is soluble in organic ketone and/or organic ester solvent.
31 . A composition according to claim 30 wherein the cellulose derivative is immiscible or minorly miscible with the preformed polymer and/or the amine polymer.
32 . A composition according to any of claims 15 - 19 wherein the pretreatment composition further comprises a wax having a melting temperature at least 20° C. higher than human body temperature.
33 . A composition of a second pretreatment composition comprising hydrogen peroxide with alkali optionally selected from ammonia and/or aminoethanol and/or methyl, ethyl amine and the second pretreatment composition is applied to the keratinous surface before application of any other composition of claims 1 - 32 to bleach the keratinous surface and thereafter rinsing and drying the lightened keratinous surface.
34 . A composition according to any of claims 1 - 33 comprising at least the reactive composition wherein the complementary reactive pairs are
a) isocyanate/thioisocyanate/cyclic carbonate and hydroxyl, amine or mercapto or any combination of hydroxyl, amine and mercapto;
b) carboxyl and hydroxyl, amine or mercapto or any combination of hydroxyl, amine and mercapto;
c) epoxy and hydroxyl, amine or mercapto or any combination of hydroxyl, amine and mercapto; cyclohexylepoxy and hydroxyl, amine or mercapto or any combination of hydroxyl, amine and mercapto;
d) (meth)acryloxy and hydroxyl, amine or mercapto or any combination of hydroxyl, amine and mercapto;
e) melonic anhydride and hydroxyl, amine or mercapto or any combination of hydroxyl, amine and mercapto;
f) formyl and amine or mercapto or any combination of amine and mercapto;
g) azido and alkynyl;
h) vinyl and mercapto;
i) mercapto and mercapto;
j) any combination of —Si(R 1 ) a (R 2 ) 3-a wherein R 1 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbons or OH, an —OAc group, or a —O—N═CHR 1 group, R 2 is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbons and a is an integer 1, 2 or 3; or SiHR 2 and —SiR 2 —CH═CH 2 ; and
k) carbodiimido and carboxyl or amine or any combination thereof.
35 . A composition according to claim 29 wherein the complementary pairs comprise an in situ linking group of:
a) cyclic carbonate to provide urethane groups;
b) (meth)acryloxy to provide P-amino, oxy or thio (meth)acryloxy groups;
c) carbodiimido to provide acylurea groups; and
d) alkoxysilyl to provide Si—O—Si groups.
36 . A composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the preformed composition and/or the reactive composition further comprise an additive selected from one or more of a microfibril, a filler material, a polyolefin as macromolecular strands or nanoparticles, a carbon nanotube, a nanofiller of graphite oxide mixed polymer, a graphene, a UV filter, a radical scavenger, a triplet formation inhibitor, a metal compound which can absorb or reflect UV light, polyvinylidene fluoride.
37 . A composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the pigment particles are a blended combination of organic and/or inorganic pigment microparticles of differing visible colors, shades and hues matched according to a color gamut for blends selected to include at least one or more of Pigment Yellow 83, Pigment Green 36, Pigment Blue 60, Pigment Blue 66, Pigment Blue 16, Pigment Black 6, Pigment White 6, Pigment Red 122, Pigment Red 5, Pigment Red 112, Pigment Violet 19, aluminum flakes, copper flakes, brass flakes.
38 . A color coating according to any of the preceding claims wherein each of the preformed composition, the reactive composition, the pretreatment composition, the post treatment composition and/or the care composition without medium individually or in any combination comprise coatings on keratinous surfaces.
39 . A color coating according to claim 38 wherein the color coating is characterized by a remanence of at least 10 washing with aqueous anionic detergent, a rub off resistance of at least 30 strokes with a crockmeter, a resistance to sebum of at least 5 cycles, and a tactile and aural sensation similar to that produced from untreated natural blond hair.
40 . A color coating according to claim 39 wherein the remanence has a uniformity that is consistent across different regions of hair on the scalp of a human.
41 . A color coating according to claim 39 wherein the remanence has a non-uniformity that is inconsistent across different regions of hair on the scalp of a human.
42 . A color coating according to claim 38 - 41 wherein the color is the result of a blended combination of organic and/or inorganic pigment microparticles of differing visible colors, shades and hues matched according to a color gamut for blends selected to include at least one or more of Pigment Yellow 83, Pigment Green 36, Pigment Blue 60, Pigment Blue 66, Pigment Blue 16, Pigment Black 6, Pigment White 6, Pigment Red 122, Pigment Red 5, Pigment Red 112, Pigment Violet 19, aluminum flakes.
43 . A color coating according to any of claims 38 - 42 wherein one or more individual coating or two or more overlapping coatings are adapted to have, a surface energy less than 24 mN m −1 and Hansen Solubility Parameters, δD, δP, δH that satisfy the equation: √{square root over (4*(δD−x) 2 +(δP−y) 2 +(δH−z) 2 )}>4 wherein 16<x<17.2, 0.8<y<6.7 and 1.2<z<13.
44 . A method for dressing keratin fibers of a user comprising the steps of:
a) assessing the condition of the user's hair to provide first data,
b) assessing the users desired end hair color to provide second data,
c) comparing the first and second data to design and prepare an admixture of differing pro-compositions of claims 1 - 38 to deliver the desired end color and performance on the user's hair.
45 . A method for dressing keratin fibers comprising sequentially applying a first composition of any of claims 1 - 37 to a test section of keratin fibers wherein the pigment particles are a blend combination according to claim 42 to form a wet color coating on the keratin fibers, at least partially drying the wet color coating section, determining the suitability of the color, optionally removing the test section of color coating if the color is not suitable, or optionally applying the color composition to the remaining keratin fibers.
46 . A method for post treatment of a color coating of a keratinous surface of any of claims 38 - 45 comprising dressing the color coating with a composition comprising an aqueous or aqueous-organic medium and one or more components selected from an inorganic or organic salt of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, ammonia and one or more anions selected from chloride, nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, acetate, sorbate, phosphate, and/or borate and any combination thereof; a fatty acid ester or silicone conditioner, a rheologic control agent, a chelant, a nonionic or cationic surfactant, a betaine, a fatty amide amine and any combination thereof, and the medium being selected to provide a solution of the components and to deliver a coating of the components upon evaporation of the medium.