LEAD ACID AND LEAD CARBON BATTERY
A lead acid or lead carbon battery includes a sealed casing including an acid and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a non-fibrous separator disposed between and in contact with at least a portion of both the anode and the cathode, wherein the anode, cathode, and non-fibrous separator are at least partially immersed in the acid. The anode includes an electrically conductive carbon active material, the cathode includes a lead oxide active material, and the non-fibrous separator has a thickness of about 0.005 to about 1.5 mm.
1 . A lead acid or lead carbon battery comprising:
a sealed casing comprising an acid electrolyte; and
an electrode assembly comprising
an anode comprising an electrically conductive carbon active material,
a cathode comprising a lead oxide active material, and
a non-fibrous separator having a thickness of about 0.005 to about 1.5 mm disposed between and in contact with at least a portion of both the anode and the cathode,
wherein the anode, cathode, and non-fibrous separator are at least partially immersed in the acid electrolyte.
2 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the non-fibrous separator comprises a polyvinyl chloride, a polyolefin, a non-fiber glass, or a combination thereof.
3 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the non-fibrous separator comprises a polymer that is coated or filled with a particulate ceramic filler.
4 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the non-fibrous separator is porous and has a volume porosity of about 30% to about 95%.
5 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive carbon comprises activated carbon, template derived carbon, carbide derived carbon, carbon black, a graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof.
6 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the anode further comprises a poly(vinylidene fluoride) binder.
7 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the acid comprises sulfuric acid.
8 . The lead acid or lead carbon battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrode assembly has a cell density of about 10 to about 90 W-h/kg, a cell porosity of about 10% to about 80%, or a combination thereof.
9 . An electrode assembly, comprising
an anode comprising an electrically conductive carbon active material,
a cathode comprising a lead oxide active material, and a
non-fibrous separator having a thickness of about 0.005 to about 1.5 mm and disposed between and in contact with at least a portion of both the anode and the cathode.
10 . The electrode assembly of claim 9 , wherein the non-fibrous separator comprises a polyvinyl chloride, a polyolefin, or a non-fiber glass.
11 . The electrode assembly of claim 9 , wherein the non-fibrous separator comprises a polymer coated or filled with a ceramic filler.
12 . The electrode assembly of claim 9 , wherein the non-fibrous separator is porous and has a volume porosity of about 30% to about 95%.
13 . The electrode assembly of claim 9 , wherein the electrically conductive carbon comprises activated carbon, template derived carbon, carbide derived carbon, carbon black, a graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof.
14 . The electrode assembly of claim 9 , wherein the anode further comprises a poly(vinylidene fluoride) binder.
15 . The electrode assembly of claim 9 , wherein the electrode assembly has a cell density of about 10 to about 90 W-h/kg, a cell porosity of about 10% to about 80%, or a combination thereof.