Polarizing plate and optical display apparatus comprising the same
A polarizing plate and an optical display apparatus including the same are provided. A polarizing plate includes a polarizer; and a first retardation layer and a second retardation layer sequentially stacked on a lower surface of the polarizer, and the first retardation layer has an in-plane retardation of about 180 nm to about 220 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm; and the second retardation layer has an in-plane retardation of about 80 nm to about 100 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
1. A polarizing plate comprising: a polarizer; and a first retardation layer and a second retardation layer sequentially stacked on a lower surface of the polarizer,
wherein the first retardation layer has an in-plane retardation of about 180 nm to about 220 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm,
the second retardation layer has an in-plane retardation of about 80 nm to about 100 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm and a degree of biaxiality (NZ) of about −0.5 to −0.2 at a wavelength of about 550 nm,
the first retardation layer exhibits positive wavelength dispersion or flat wavelength dispersion,
the first retardation layer has a slow axis tilted at an angle of about +55° to about +80° or at an angle of about −80° to about −55° with reference to a transmission axis of the polarizer, and
the polarizing plate has an ellipticity of about 65% or more at an incidence angle of about 60°.
2. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the first retardation layer is a ⅓ retardation layer at a wavelength of about 550 nm and the second retardation layer is a ⅙ retardation layer at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
3. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the second retardation layer has a slow axis tilted at an angle of about 0° to about +10° or at an angle of about −10° to about 0° with reference to a transmission axis of the polarizer.
4. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the first retardation layer and the second retardation layer satisfy at least one of {circle around (1)} to {circle around (8)} in Relation 1:
{circle around (1)} when 0°<θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]<90°, θ[fast axis of second retardation layer−absorption axis]=θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]×2+45+α, 4°≤α≤6°;
{circle around (2)} when −90°<θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]<0°, θ[slow axis of second retardation layer−absorption axis]=θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]×2−45+α, 4°≤α≤6°;
{circle around (3)} when −90°<θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]<0°, θ[fast axis of second retardation layer−absorption axis]=θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]×2−45−α, 4°≤α≤6°; and
{circle around (4)} when 0°<θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]<90°, θ[slow axis of second retardation layer−absorption axis]=θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis]×2−45−α, 4°≤α≤6°,
in (1), (2), (3), and (4), θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis] is an angle (unit: °) of the fast axis of the first retardation layer with reference to the absorption axis of the polarizer, θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−absorption axis] is an angle of the slow axis of the first retardation layer with reference to the absorption axis of the polarizer, θ[fast axis of second retardation layer−absorption axis] is an angle of the fast axis of the second retardation layer with reference to the absorption axis of the polarizer, and θ[slow axis of second retardation layer−absorption axis] is an angle of the slow axis of the second retardation layer with reference to the absorption axis of the polarizer;
{circle around (5)} when 0°<θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]<90°, θ[slow axis of second retardation layer−transmission axis]=θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]×2+45+α, 4°≤α≤6°;
{circle around (6)} when −90°<θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]<0°, θ[fast axis of second retardation layer−transmission axis]=θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]×2−45+α, 4°≤α≤6°;
{circle around (7)} when −90°<θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]<0°, θ[slow axis of second retardation layer−transmission axis]=θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]×2−45− α, 4°≤α≤6°;
{circle around (8)} when 0°<θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]<90°, θ[fast axis of second retardation layer−transmission axis]=θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis]×2−45−α, 4°≤α≤6°,
in (5), (6), (7) and (8), θ[fast axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis] is an angle of the fast axis of the first retardation layer with reference to the transmission axis of the polarizer, θ[slow axis of first retardation layer−transmission axis] is an angle of the slow axis of the first retardation layer with reference to the transmission axis of the polarizer, θ[fast axis of second retardation layer−transmission axis] is an angle of the fast axis of the second retardation layer with reference to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and θ[slow axis of second retardation layer−transmission axis] is an angle of the slow axis of the second retardation layer with reference to the transmission axis of the polarizer).
5. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein an angle defined between a slow axis of the first retardation layer and a slow axis of the second retardation layer is in a range from about 55° to about 80°.
6. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the second retardation layer exhibits positive wavelength dispersion.
7. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein a laminate of the first retardation layer and the second retardation layer has an in-plane retardation of about 140 nm to about 190 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
8. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the first retardation layer has an out-of-plane retardation (Rth) of about 100 nm to about 150 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
9. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the first retardation layer has a degree of biaxiality (NZ) of about 1.1 to about 1.2 at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
10. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the second retardation layer has an out-of-plane retardation (Rth) of about −100 nm to about −50 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
11. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the first retardation layer comprises a film formed of a resin having positive birefringence.
12. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , wherein the second retardation layer comprises a coating layer formed by stretching a film formed of at least one selected from among a cellulose ester resin and an aromatic resin.
13. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , further comprising a third retardation layer including a positive C plate having an out-of-plane retardation (Rth) of about −300 nm to about 0 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
14. The polarizing plate according to claim 13 , wherein the third retardation layer has an out-of-plane retardation (Rth) of about −80 nm to about −20 nm at a wavelength of about 550 nm.
15. The polarizing plate according to claim 13 , wherein the third retardation layer is interposed between the polarizer and the first retardation layer.
16. The polarizing plate according to claim 1 , further comprising a protective layer on an upper surface of the polarizer.
17. An optical display apparatus comprising the polarizing plate according to claim 1 .