Load shed system
A load shed module configured to be connected in series between a power supply and a load is disclosed. A separate load shed module is connected in series between each load and the power supply. The load shed module determines the frequency of the voltage supplied from the power supply. Based on the frequency, the load shed module determines if utility power is connected or if a generator is connected. If the generator is connected and the frequency of the voltage goes outside of a desired operating range for a preset time, the load shed module disconnects the load from the power supply. Each load shed module includes a priority setting and reconnects its corresponding load after a predetermined time corresponding to the priority setting.
1. A method of disconnecting a load from a power source in a power distribution system, the method comprising:
receiving power from a power source at an input of a load shed module, the power having an alternating current (AC) voltage;
determining a frequency of the AC voltage at the input using a controller;
determining a stiffness of the AC voltage at the input using the controller;
disconnecting a load from the power source using a switch when the frequency of the AC voltage is outside of a frequency range and the stiffness of the AC voltage is below a threshold; and
the controller and the switch being housed within a housing of the load shed module.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
using the controller to determine whether the power source is a utility power source or a backup power source as a function of the frequency of the AC voltage.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
monitoring the AC voltage and reconnecting the load to the power source when the frequency of the AC voltage is within the frequency range.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the frequency range is a frequency threshold with a low frequency limit,
wherein frequencies above the low frequency limit are within the frequency range; and
wherein frequencies below the low frequency limit are outside of the frequency range.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
determining that the frequency of the AC voltage is outside of the frequency range; and
monitoring the frequency of the power source for a time period;
wherein disconnecting the load from the power source when the frequency of the AC voltage is outside of a frequency range further comprises disconnecting the load from the power source when the frequency of the AC voltage remains outside of the frequency range after the time period is lapsed.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the frequency of the AC voltage comprises:
generating a feedback signal corresponding to the AC voltage present at the input using a sensor; and
receiving the feedback signal with the controller.
7. A load shed module configured to be connected between a transfer switch and a load, the load shed module comprising:
an input configured to receive an electrical connection from the transfer switch;
an output configured to provide an electrical connection for the load;
a switch between the input and the output, wherein the switch receives a control signal that selectively controls the switch;
a controller to supply the control signal, wherein the controller is operable to open the switch when:
a frequency of an alternating current (AC) voltage at the input is below a frequency threshold; and a stiffness of an AC voltage at the input is below a stiffness threshold; and
a housing within which the switch and the controller are housed.
8. The load shed module of claim 1 , wherein determining the stiffness of the AC voltage at the input includes determining a difference between a maximum frequency and a minimum frequency of the AC voltage over a period of time.
9. The load shed module of claim 7 , wherein:
the frequency threshold is a lower frequency threshold and a second frequency threshold is an upper frequency threshold; and
wherein the controller is operable to open the switch when the frequency of the AC voltage is above the second frequency threshold.
10. The load shed module of claim 7 , wherein:
the controller is operable to determine whether a power source connected to the transfer switch is a utility power source or a backup power source based on the stiffness of the AC voltage.
11. The load shed module of claim 10 , wherein the controller determines that the power source is a backup power source if the stiffness of the AC voltage is below the stiffness threshold.
12. The load shed module of claim 7 , wherein:
the controller is configured to determine the frequency of the AC voltage at the input; and
wherein after determining that the frequency of the AC voltage at the input is below the frequency threshold, the controller monitors the frequency for a time period before opening the switch.
13. The load shed module of claim 7 , wherein the controller is operable to close the switch when the frequency of the AC voltage at the input is above the frequency threshold.
14. The load shed module of claim 13 , wherein the controller is operable to:
monitor the frequency of the AC voltage at the input after closing the switch; and
reopen the switch if the frequency falls below the frequency threshold.
15. The load shed module of claim 7 , wherein the stiffness is based on a difference between a maximum frequency and a minimum frequency of the AC voltage over a period of time.
16. A load shed module configured to be connected between a transfer switch and a load, the load shed module comprising:
an input configured to receive an alternating current (AC) voltage from the transfer switch;
an output configured to provide an electrical connection for the load;
a controller, wherein the controller is operable to:
determine whether the AC voltage is from a utility power source or a backup power source based on a stiffness of the AC voltage at the input; and
open a switch to shed the load when the AC voltage is from the backup power source; and
a housing within which the switch and the controller are housed.
17. The load shed module of claim 16 , wherein the controller is configured to determine that the AC voltage is from the utility power source if the stiffness of the AC voltage is above a stiffness threshold.
18. The load shed module of claim 17 , wherein the controller is configured to determine that the AC voltage is from the backup power source if the stiffness of the AC voltage is below the stiffness threshold.
19. The load shed module of claim 16 , wherein the controller is operable to retain the load when the AC voltage is from the utility power source.
20. The load shed module of claim 16 , wherein the controller is operable to:
monitor the frequency of the AC voltage at the input; and
reconnect the load if the frequency of the AC voltage at the input indicates that the backup power source is operating under nominal operating parameters.
21. The load shed module of claim 16 , wherein the load shed module further comprises:
a sensor configured to generate a feedback signal corresponding to an AC voltage present at the input.
22. The load shed module of claim 16 , wherein the switch is between the input and the load.
23. The load shed module of claim 16 , wherein the stiffness is based on a difference between a maximum frequency and a minimum frequency of the AC voltage over a period of time.