ANODE ELECTRODE STRUCTURE, LITHIUM-ION BATTERY, METHOD OF MAKING AN ANODE ELECTRODE STRUCTURE, METHOD OF MAKING A LITHIUM-ION BATTERY, AND SUBSTRATE PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING AN ANODE ELECTRODE STRUCTURE
An anode electrode structure ( 10 ) is described. The anode electrode structure ( 10 ) includes a substrate ( 11 ) having a first surface ( 111 ) and an opposite second surface ( 112 ), a first lithium film ( 12 ) provided on the first surface ( 111 ), and a second lithium film ( 13 ) provided on the second surface ( 112 ). Further, the anode electrode structure ( 10 ) includes a first interface film ( 14 ) provided on the first lithium film ( 12 ) and a second interface film ( 15 ) provided on the second lithium film ( 13 ). The first interface film ( 14 ) and the second interface film ( 15 ) are lithium-ion conducting. Further, a lithium-ion battery having an anode electrode structure according to the present disclosure, methods of making an anode electrode structure and a lithium-ion battery, as well as a substrate processing system for producing an anode electrode structure are described.
1 . An anode electrode structure, comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and an opposite second surface;
a first lithium film provided on the first surface;
a second lithium film provided on the second surface;
a first interface film provided on the first lithium film; and
a second interface film provided on the second lithium film, the first interface film and the second interface film are lithium-ion conducting.
2 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first interface film and the second interface film comprises a lithium-ion conducting material selected from the group consisting of lithium-ion conducting ceramic, lithium-ion conducting glass, lithium-ion conducting polymer, composite combinations thereof, or unit layer combinations thereof.
3 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a foil comprising an electrically conductive material.
4 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a polymeric foil having a copper coating on both sides of the polymeric foil.
5 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a thickness T S of 0.5 μm≤T S ≤15 μm.
6 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first lithium film and the second lithium film has a thickness T Li of 1 μm≤T Li ≤40 μm.
7 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first interface film and the second interface film has a thickness T Int of 0.01 μm≤T Int ≤10 μm.
8 . A lithium-ion battery comprising an anode having an anode electrode structure comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and an opposite second surface;
a first lithium film provided on the first surface;
a second lithium film provided on the second surface;
a first interface film provided on the first lithium film; and
a second interface film provided on the second lithium film, the first interface film and the second interface film are lithium-ion conducting.
9 . The lithium-ion battery of claim 8 , further comprising a cathode having a cathode electrode structure comprising a polymeric substrate having an aluminum coating on both sides of the polymeric substrate.
10 . A method of making an anode electrode structure, comprising
coating a first surface of a substrate with a first lithium film;
coating an opposite second surface of the substrate with a second lithium film;
coating a first interface film on the first lithium film; and
coating a second interface film on the second lithium film, wherein the first interface film and the second interface film are lithium-ion conducting.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the substrate is a foil comprising an electrically conductive material.
12 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the method is conducted by using a roll-to-roll substrate processing system.
13 . A method of making a lithium-ion battery, comprising
combining an anode electrode structure according to claim 1 with a cathode electrode structure, and providing a separator positioned between the anode electrode structure and the cathode electrode structure.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the cathode electrode structure comprises a substrate comprising aluminum.
15 . A substrate processing system to produce an anode electrode structure, comprising
a first vacuum deposition chamber having a first coating drum configured to guide a flexible substrate past one or more first deposition units comprising at least one lithium deposition unit;
a second vacuum deposition chamber having a second coating drum configured to guide the flexible substrate past one or more second deposition units comprising at least one lithium deposition unit; and
a transportation system configured to transport the flexible substrate such that a front side of the flexible substrate faces the one or more first deposition units and a backside of the flexible substrate faces the one or more second deposition units.
16 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a foil comprising copper.
17 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein the substrate ( 11 ) has a thickness T S of 1 μm≤T S ≤10 μm.
18 . The anode electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first lithium film and the second lithium film has a thickness T Li of 3 μm≤T Li ≤25 μm.
19 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the substrate is a polymeric foil having a copper coating on both sides of the polymeric foil.
20 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the cathode electrode structure comprises a substrate that comprises a polymeric foil having an aluminum coating on both sides of the polymeric foil.