Modular system for multi-modal imaging and analysis
A portable, modular handheld imaging system is disclosed. The modular system comprises a first housing portion and a second housing portion. The first housing portion includes at least one excitation light source. A first filter is configured to detect and permit passage of selected optical signals responsive to illumination with the excitation light to a first image sensor. A second filter is configured to detect and permit passage of selected optical signals responsive to illumination of the target surface with white light to a second image sensor. The second housing portion is configured to releasably receive the first housing portion. The second housing portion includes a display and a processor configured to receive the detected fluorescent and white light optical signals and to output a representation of the target surface to the display based on the detected optical signals.
1. A portable, handheld imaging system, comprising:
at least one excitation light source configured to emit excitation light during fluorescent imaging;
a first image sensor configured to detect fluorescent wavelengths when the imaging system is in a fluorescent imaging mode;
a first filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of a target surface with the excitation light and having a wavelength corresponding to one or more of bacterial fluorescence, bacterial autofluorescence, tissue fluorescence, and tissue autofluorescence the first filter being fixed to the first image sensor;
a white light source configured to emit white light during white light imaging;
a second image sensor configured to detect image data responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light when the imaging system is in a white light imaging mode;
a second filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light and having a wavelength in the visible light range, the second filter being fixed to the second image sensor;
a third image sensor configured to detect image data responsive to illumination of the target surface with white light when the imaging system is in the white light imaging mode;
a third filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light and having a wavelength in the visible light range, the third filter being fixed to the third image sensor; and
a processor configured to receive the detected fluorescent and white light optical signals and to output a representation of the target surface to a display based on the detected optical signals.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 350 nm-about 400 nm, about 400 nm-about 450 nm, about 450 nm-about 500 nm, about 500 nm-about 550 nm, about 550 nm-about 600 nm, about 600 nm-about 650 nm, about 650 nm-about 700 nm, about 700 nm-about 750 nm, about 750 nm-about 800 nm, about 800 nm-about 850 nm, about 850 nm-about 900 nm, and/or combinations thereof.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 450 nm.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 405 nm±10 nm.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is coupled to a housing of the portable, handheld imaging system.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first filter is further configured to block the passage of optical signals having a wavelength of 405 nm±10 nm.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first filter is configured to permit optical signals having a wavelength between about 500 nm and about 550 nm and/or optical signals having a wavelength between about 600 nm and about 660 nm to pass through the first filter to the first image sensor.
8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a housing having a display on a front side of the housing.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is positioned on a rear side of the housing.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one excitation light source includes first and second violet/blue LEDs, each LED configured to emit light having a wavelength of 405 nm±10 nm.
11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the first and second violet/blue LEDs are positioned on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis of a housing, wherein the longitudinal axis passes through and top and bottom of the housing.
12. The system of claim 9 , wherein the housing is a modular housing comprising a display unit and an optical unit.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the optical unit is releasably attached to the display unit.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is contained in the optical unit.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the white light source is contained in the optical unit.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the display unit includes an interface configured to releasably receive an optical unit.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the interface is defined, at least in part, by a heat sink of the system.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the heat sink surrounds an opening configured to releasably receive the optical unit.
19. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of a thermal sensor configured to detect thermal information regarding the target surface, an ambient light sensor configured to indicate when ambient lighting conditions are sufficient to permit fluorescent imaging, or a range finder.
20. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to receive image data from the second and third image sensors and output a stereoscopic or three-dimensional image.
21. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth antenna.
22. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to wirelessly transmit and/or receive data.
23. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a power source.
24. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one excitation light source includes a first excitation light source and a second excitation light source.
25. The system of claim 24 , wherein the first excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 350 nm-about 400 nm, about 400 nm-about 450 nm, about 450 nm-about 500 nm, about 500 nm-about 550 nm, about 550 nm-about 600 nm, about 600 nm-about 650 nm, about 650 nm-about 700 nm, about 700 nm-about 750 nm, about 750 nm-about 800 nm, about 800 nm-about 850 nm, about 850 nm-about 900 nm, and/or combinations thereof.
26. The system of claim 25 , wherein the first excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 450 nm.
27. The system of claim 26 , wherein the first excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 405 nm±10 nm.
28. The system of claim 24 , wherein the second excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 350 nm-about 400 nm, about 400 nm-about 450 nm, about 450 nm-about 500 nm, about 500 nm-about 550 nm, about 550 nm-about 600 nm, about 600 nm-about 650 nm, about 650 nm-about 700 nm, about 700 nm-about 750 nm, about 750 nm-about 800 nm, about 800 nm-about 850 nm, about 850 nm-about 900 nm, and/or combinations thereof.
29. The system of claim 28 , wherein the second excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 750 nm-800 nm.
30. The system of claim 28 , wherein the second excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 760 nm±10 nm, about 770 nm±10 nm, or about 780 nm±10 nm.
31. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second image sensors each comprise a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor.
32. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an infrared radiation source.
33. The system of claim 32 , wherein the system is configured to project infrared radiation onto the target surface and detect infrared radiation reflected from the target surface as well as any infrared fluorescence emitted by the target when excited by the appropriate excitation wavelength.
34. The system of claim 33 , wherein the processor is further configured to generate a three-dimensional map of the target surface based on the detected reflected infrared radiation.
35. The system of claim 34 , wherein the processor is further configured to generate a three-dimensional fluorescence image of the target surface based on the three-dimensional map, a two-dimensional white light image of the target surface, and a two-dimensional fluorescence image of the target surface.
36. A portable, modular handheld imaging system, comprising:
a first housing portion comprising:
at least one excitation light source configured to emit excitation light during fluorescent imaging,
a first image sensor configured to detect fluorescent wavelengths when the imaging system is in a fluorescent imaging mode,
a first filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of a target surface with the excitation light and having a wavelength corresponding to one or more of bacterial fluorescence, bacterial autofluorescence, tissue fluorescence, and tissue autofluorescence the first filter being fixed to the first image sensor,
a white light source configured to emit white light during white light imaging,
a second image sensor configured to detect image data responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light when the imaging system is in a white light imaging mode,
a second filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light and having a wavelength in the visible light range, the second filter being fixed to the second image sensor,
a third image sensor configured to detect image data responsive to illumination of the target surface with white light when the imaging system is in a white light imaging mode, and
a third filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light and having a wavelength in the visible light range, the third filter being fixed to the third image sensor, and
a second housing portion configured to releasably receive the first housing portion and comprising:
a display, and
a processor configured to receive the detected fluorescent and white light optical signals and to output a representation of the target surface to the display based on the detected optical signals.
37. The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 350 nm-about 400 nm, about 400 nm-about 450 nm, about 450 nm-about 500 nm, about 500 nm-about 550 nm, about 550 nm-about 600 nm, about 600 nm-about 650 nm, about 650 nm-about 700 nm, about 700 nm-about 750 nm, about 750 nm-about 800 nm, about 800 nm-about 850 nm, about 850 nm-about 900 nm, and/or combinations thereof.
38. The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 450 nm.
39. The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 405 nm±10 nm.
40. The system of claim 36 , wherein the first filter is further configured to block the passage of optical signals having a wavelength of 405 nm±10 nm.
41. The system of claim 36 , wherein the first filter is configured to permit optical signals having a wavelength between about 500 nm and about 550 nm and/or optical signals having a wavelength between about 600 nm and about 660 nm to pass through the first filter to the first image sensor.
42. The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one excitation light source includes first and second violet/blue LEDs, each LED configured to emit light having a wavelength of 405 nm±10 nm.
43. The system of claim 36 , wherein the second housing portion further comprises a power source.
44. The system of claim 43 , wherein the second housing further comprises an exterior surface with contacts for charging the power source.
45. The system of claim 36 , wherein the first housing further comprises at least one of a thermal sensor configured to detect thermal information regarding the target surface, an ambient light sensor configured to indicate when ambient lighting conditions are sufficient to permit fluorescent imaging, or a range finder.
46. The system of claim 36 , wherein the first housing further comprises a second excitation light source configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 350 nm-about 400 nm, about 400 nm-about 450 nm, about 450 nm-about 500 nm, about 500 nm-about 550 nm, about 550 nm-about 600 nm, about 600 nm-about 650 nm, about 650 nm-about 700 nm, about 700 nm-about 750 nm, about 750 nm-about 800 nm, about 800 nm-about 850 nm, about 850 nm-about 900 nm, and/or combinations thereof.
47. The system of claim 46 , wherein the second excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 750 nm-800 nm.
48. The system of claim 47 , wherein the second excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 760 nm±10 nm, about 770 nm±10 nm, or about 780 nm±10 nm.
49. The system of claim 36 , wherein the first housing further comprises a polarizing filter.
50. A portable, modular handheld imaging system kit, comprising:
a plurality of optical housing portions, each of the plurality of optical housing portions comprising:
at least one excitation light source configured to emit excitation light during fluorescent imaging,
a first image sensor configured to detect fluorescent wavelengths when the imaging system is in a fluorescent imaging mode,
a first filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of a target surface with the excitation light and having a wavelength corresponding to one or more of bacterial fluorescence, bacterial autofluorescence, tissue fluorescence, and tissue autofluorescence the first filter being fixed to the first image sensor,
a white light source configured to emit white light during white light imaging,
a second image sensor configured to detect image data responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light when the imaging system is in a white light imaging mode;
a second filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light and having a wavelength in the visible light range, the second filter being fixed to the second image sensor,
a third image sensor configured to detect image data responsive to illumination of the target surface with white light when the imaging system is in a white light imaging mode, and
a third filter configured to permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the white light and having a wavelength in the visible light range the third filter being fixed to the third image sensor; and
a base housing portion configured to releasably receive, interchangeably, each of the plurality of optical housing portions and comprising:
a display,
a power source configured to power the at least one excitation light source and the white light source, and
a processor configured to receive the detected fluorescent and white light optical signals and to output a representation of the target surface to the display based on the detected optical signals.
51. The kit of claim 50 , wherein, in each of the plurality of optical housing portions, the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 350 nm-about 400 nm, about 400 nm-about 450 nm, about 450 nm-about 500 nm, about 500 nm-about 550 nm, about 550 nm-about 600 nm, about 600 nm-about 650 nm, about 650 nm-about 700 nm, about 700 nm-about 750 nm, about 750 nm-about 800 nm, about 800 nm-about 850 nm, about 850 nm-about 900 nm, and/or combinations thereof.
52. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 400 nm to about 450 nm.
53. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the at least one excitation light source is configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength of about 405 nm±10 nm.
54. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the first filter is configured to permit optical signals having a wavelength between about 500 nm and about 550 nm and/or optical signals having a wavelength between about 600 nm and about 660 nm to pass through the first filter to the first image sensor.
55. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the at least one excitation light source includes first and second violet/blue LEDs, each LED configured to emit light having a wavelength of 405 nm±10 nm.
56. The kit of claim 50 , wherein a second one of the plurality of optical housing portions further includes a second excitation light source configured to emit excitation light having a wavelength different from a first excitation light source.
57. The kit of claim 56 , wherein a second one of the plurality of optical housing portions is formed as an endoscopic housing portion.
58. The kit of claim 50 , wherein one of the plurality of optical housing portions further comprises a range finder.
59. The kit of claim 50 , wherein one of the plurality of optical housing portions further comprises a thermal sensor configured to detect thermal information regarding the target surface.
60. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the base housing further comprises an ambient light sensor configured to indicate when ambient lighting conditions are sufficient to permit fluorescent imaging.
61. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the base housing further comprises an exterior surface with contacts for charging the power source.
62. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the base housing further comprises a heat sink.
63. The kit of claim 62 , wherein the heat sink defines an opening in the base housing that is configured to releasably receive one of the plurality of optical housing portions.
64. The kit of claim 50 , further comprising a darkening drape configured to be attached to a one of the plurality of optical housing portions.
65. The kit of claim 64 , wherein the darkening drape is configured to reduce ambient light in a field of view of the first image sensor.
66. The kit of claim 64 , wherein the darkening drape is one of a plurality of darkening drapes, each of the plurality of darkening drapes being configured to be attached to a respective one of the plurality of optical housing portions.
67. The kit of claim 57 , further comprising a darkening drape configured to be attached to the endoscopic housing portion.
68. The kit of claim 67 , wherein the darkening drape is configured to reduce ambient light in a field of view of the first image sensor.
69. The kit of claim 68 , wherein the darkening drape is further configured to provide sterility in a surgical field and/or protect the optical housing portion from contaminants.
70. The kit of claim 50 wherein one of the plurality of optical housing portions further comprises a polarizing filter.
71. The kit of claim 50 , wherein the base housing and one of the plurality of optical housing portions together form an imaging device and further comprising a sterile drape configured to create a sterile barrier between the imaging device and an environment in which the imaging device is used.
72. The kit of claim 50 , further comprising one or more imaging agents or contrast agents.
73. A method of operating a modular, handheld fluorescence-based imaging device, comprising:
selecting an optical housing comprising optical components including at least one excitation light source for fluorescence imaging;
connecting the selected optical housing to a base body housing of the imaging device to provide power from a power source in the base body housing to the optical components in the optical housing;
illuminating a target with the at least one excitation light source to cause one or more of a part, a component, and a biomarker of the illuminated portion of the target to fluoresce, to reflect light, or to absorb light;
filtering a plurality of optical signals responsive to the illumination of the target with the excitation light, wherein filtering the plurality of optical signals includes preventing passage of reflected excitation light and permitting passage of optical signals having a wavelength corresponding to one or more of bacterial fluorescence, bacterial autofluorescence, tissue autofluorescence and exogenous tissue fluorescence through a set of at least three filters including a first fluorescent filter, a second white light filter, and a third white light filter, contained in the optical housing;
detecting the filtered optical signals with a set of at least three sensors including a first fluorescent sensor, a second white light sensor, and a third white light sensor, contained in the optical housing, wherein the first fluorescent filter is fixed to the first fluorescent sensor, the second white light filter is fixed to the second white light sensor, and the third white light filter is fixed to the third white light sensor; and
displaying the detected, filtered signals on at least one display of the base body housing as a composite image of the illuminated portion of the target, the composite image comprising fluorescent representations of various tissue components present in the illuminated portion of the target.
74. The method of claim 73 , further comprising:
illuminating a target with a white light source contained in the optical housing;
filtering optical signals responsive to the illumination of the target with the white light with a visible light filter contained in the optical housing; and
detecting the filtered optical signals with an image sensor contained in the optical housing.
75. An imaging system kit, comprising:
the imaging system of claim 1 ; and
a sterile drape configured to create a sterile barrier between the imaging system and an environment the imaging system is used in.
76. The kit of claim 75 , further comprising an imaging drape configured to reduce ambient light in an imaging environment of the imaging system.
77. The kit of claim 76 , wherein the imaging drape includes a connector element configured to receive an optical housing of the imaging system.
78. The kit of claim 75 , further comprising one or more imaging agents or contrast agents.
79. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a third filter configured to detect and permit passage of optical signals, responsive to illumination of the target surface with the excitation light and having a wavelength corresponding to one or more of bacterial fluorescence, bacterial autofluorescence, tissue fluorescence, and tissue autofluorescence, to a third image sensor, wherein the wavelength of the third filter is different from the wavelength of the first filter and/or the second filter.