Battery system having a passive heat sink
A battery system having a housing configured to receive a battery cell that is configured to generate thermal energy. The housing includes a first wall and a second wall, both of which are positioned proximate to the battery cell. The first wall and the second wall form in part a cell compartment. The battery system further includes a unitary heat sink having a first portion embedded into the first wall and a second portion embedded into the second wall.
1. A battery system, comprising:
a housing configured to receive a plurality of battery cells arranged in adjacent cell stacks that are configured to generate thermal energy, the housing comprising a first wall and a second wall, both of which are positioned proximate to the plurality of battery cells, and a first thickness and a second thickness with the second thickness being greater than the first thickness, the first wall and the second wall forming in part a cell compartment; and
a unitary heat sink comprising:
a first portion embedded into the first wall and a second portion embedded into the second wall, the first portion being completely embedded into the first wall and the second portion being partially embedded into the second wall;
the first portion comprising a first surface on a first side of the first portion and a second surface on a second opposite side of the first portion, with the first thickness between the first surface and an exterior surface of the first wall and the second thickness between the second surface and an interior surface of the first wall;
a first cell section corresponding to one of the cell stacks and a second cell section corresponding to another of the cell stacks; and
a plurality of bridges extending between the first cell section and the second cell section.
2. The battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second walls are positioned orthogonally to one another, and wherein the unitary heat sink has an L-shape.
3. The battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the cell compartment has a length, and wherein the first portion spans between 10% and 100% of the length of the cell compartment.
4. The battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the first portion and the second portion are positioned orthogonal to one another, and wherein the unitary heat sink further comprises a transition region positioned between the first portion and the second portion, the transition region being defined by a curved surface.
5. The battery system of claim 1 , wherein the second portion includes a partially exposed surface to the cell compartment.
6. The battery system of claim 5 , further comprising a thermal epoxy fixedly coupling the battery cell to the partially exposed surface.
7. The battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the second portion of the unitary heat sink comprises a first surface on a first side of the second portion and a second surface on a second opposite side of the second portion, wherein the housing has a first thickness between the first surface and an exterior surface of the first wall and the housing has a second thickness between the second surface and an interior surface of the first wall, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness.
8. The battery system according to claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a first material, wherein the unitary heat sink comprises a second material having a thermal conductivity higher than the first material.
9. The battery system of claim 8 , wherein the first material comprises a polymer or polymer composite, and wherein the second material comprises a metal.
10. A battery system, comprising:
a plurality of battery cells that are configured to generate thermal energy;
a housing for the plurality of battery cells, the housing comprising a first wall and a second wall positioned orthogonally to one another and proximate to the plurality of battery cells, the first wall and the second wall forming in part a cell compartment;
a unitary heat sink comprising:
a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being completely embedded into the first wall, and the second portion being partially embedded into the second wall and including a partially exposed surface to the cell compartment; and
a first surface on a first side of the first portion and a second surface on a second opposite side of the first portion, the housing having a first thickness between the first surface and an exterior surface of the first wall and the housing having a second thickness between the second surface and an interior surface of the first wall, the second thickness being greater than the first thickness; and
a thermal epoxy fixedly coupling the plurality of battery cells to the partially exposed surface.
11. The battery system of claim 10 , wherein the second portion of the unitary heat sink comprises a first surface on a first side of the second portion and a second surface on a second opposite side of the second portion, wherein the housing has a first thickness between the first surface and an exterior surface of the first wall and the housing has a second thickness between the second surface and an interior surface of the first wall, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness.
12. The battery system of claim 10 , wherein the second portion of the unitary heat sink comprises a first surface on a first side of the second portion and a second surface on a second opposite side of the second portion, wherein the housing has a first thickness between the first surface and an exterior surface of the first wall and the housing has a second thickness between the second surface and an interior surface of the first wall, wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness.
13. The battery system according to claim 10 , wherein the housing comprises a first material, wherein the unitary heat sink comprises a second material having a thermal conductivity higher than the first material.
14. The battery system of claim 13 , wherein the first material comprises a polymer or polymer composite, and wherein the second material comprises a metal.
15. The battery system according to claim 10 , wherein the first portion and the second portion are positioned orthogonal to one another, and wherein the unitary heat sink further comprises a transition region positioned between the first portion and the second portion, the transition region being defined by a curved surface.