Binders containing secondary amine groups, based on cyclic ethers

1. A composition A1 comprising one or more polyaspartic esters of the general formula (I)

in which

X is an m-valent organic radical obtained by removing the primary amino groups from cyclic ethers, said ethers being monocycles or fused bicycles based on monocyclic ethers and which on at least 2 of a ring carbon atoms bear a group selected from primary amino group and aliphatically attached primary amino group, where

R1 and R2 are identical or different organic radicals each having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and

m is an integer >1, and

optionally one or more polyaspartic esters having a primary amino group of the general formula (II)

in which

n is m−1 and

X and the radicals R1 and R2 are as defined above, wherein the cyclic ethers from which X is derived and which on at least 2 of the ring carbon atoms bear a group selected from primary amino group and aliphatically attached primary amino group having the compounds of formula V

are monocycles or bicycles according to the following general formulas III and IV:

where Y 1 is Y 1 a, Y 1 b, Y 1 c, Y 1 d, Y 1 e, Y 1 f, Y 1 g, Y 1 h or, Y 1 i:

and Y 2 is Y 2 a, Y 2 b, Y 2 c, Y 2 d, Y 2 e, or Y 2 f:

and Y 3 is Y 3 a, Y 3 b, Y 3 c, Y 3 d, Y 3 e, or Y 3 f:

and

R 1 , R 2 , R 7 , R 8 , R 13 , R 14 are independently: (i) an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one C-atom of the alkylene group is attached to a NH 2 -group; (ii) hydrogen; or (iii) organic radicals, the latter being saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic or optionally substituted aromatic or araliphatic monovalent radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain heteroatoms from the series oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen, and

R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 are independently: (i) a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one C-atom of the alkylene group is attached to a NH 2 -group; (ii) a NH 2 -group; (iii) a hydrogen; or (iv) organic radicals, the latter being saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic or optionally substituted aromatic or araliphatic monovalent radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain heteroatoms from the series oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen,

where

in the case of formula III at least 2 of the radicals R 1 to R 8 comprise a NH 2 group, and

in the case of formula IV at least one of the radicals R 1 to R 8 comprise a NH 2 group and at least one of the radicals R 10 to R 14 comprise a NH 2 group, and

R 9 and R 9 ′ are independently H or a methyl radical, and

R 1 ′ to R 8 ′, and R 10 ′ to R 14 ′ are independently hydrogen or organic radicals, the latter being saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic or optionally substituted aromatic or araliphatic monovalent radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain heteroatoms from the series oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.

2. A process for producing compositions A1 comprising one or more polyaspartic esters of the general formula (I)

in which

X is an m-valent organic radical obtained by removing the primary amino groups from cyclic ethers, said ethers being monocycles or fused bicycles based on monocyclic ethers and which on at least 2 of a ring carbon atoms bear a group selected from primary amino group and aliphatically attached primary amino group, where

R1 and R2 are identical or different organic radicals each having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and

m is an integer >1, and

optionally one or more polyaspartic esters having a primary amino group of the general formula (II)

in which

n is m−1 and

X and the radicals R1 and R2 are as defined above,

by reacting polyamines of the general formula (V)

in which X and m are as defined above,

with compounds of the general formula (VI)

R1OOC—CH═CH—COOR2  (VI)

where R1 and R2 are as defined above,

wherein the cyclic ethers from which X is derived and which on at least 2 of the ring carbon atoms bear a group selected from primary amino group and aliphatically attached primary amino group having the compounds of formula V, are monocycles or bicycles according to the following general formulas III and IV:

where Y 1 is Y 1 a, Y 1 b, Y 1 c, Y 1 d, Y 1 e, Y 1 f, Y 1 g, Y 1 h or, Y 1 i:

and Y 2 is Y 2 a, Y 2 b, Y 2 c, Y 2 d, Y 2 e, or Y 2 f:

and Y 3 is,

and

R 1 , R 2 , R 7 , R 8 , R 13 , R 14 are independently: (i) an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one C-atom of the alkylene group is attached to a NH 2 -group; (ii) hydrogen; or (iii) organic radicals, the latter being saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic or optionally substituted aromatic or araliphatic monovalent radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain heteroatoms from the series oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen, and

R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 are independently: (i) a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one C-atom of the alkylene group is attached to a NH 2 -group; (ii) a NH 2 -group; (iii) a hydrogen; or (iv) organic radicals, the latter being saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic or optionally substituted aromatic or araliphatic monovalent radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain heteroatoms from the series oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen,

where

in the case of formula III at least 2 of the radicals R 1 to R 8 comprise a NH 2 group, and

in the case of formula IV at least one of the radicals R 1 to R 8 comprise a NH 2 group and at least one of the radicals R 10 to R 14 comprise a NH 2 group, and

R 9 and R 9 ′ are independently H or a methyl radical, and

R 1 ′ to R 8 ′, and R 10 ′ to R 14 ′ are independently hydrogen or organic radicals, the latter being saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic or optionally substituted aromatic or araliphatic monovalent radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally contain heteroatoms from the series oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.

3. The composition A1 as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are CH 2 , CH 2 —CH 2 , CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 or CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 .

4. The composition A1 as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , where they are hydrogen or organic radicals, are independently hydrogen and/or alkyl radicals each having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

5. The composition A1 as claimed in claim 1 , in which X was obtained by removing the primary amino groups from cyclic ethers that are based on starting materials obtained in a biobased manner.

6. The composition A1 as claimed in claim 1 in a mixture with a further polyaspartic ester containing composition different from the composition A1.

7. A coating composition, comprising

a) at least one polyaspartic ester-containing composition A1 as claimed in claim 1 ,

b) at least one polyisocyanate component B,

c) optionally one or more components C different from A1 and reactive toward isocyanate groups,

(d) optionally auxiliaries and additives (component D).

8. A process for coating a substrate that comprises at least the following steps:

i) applying a coating composition as claimed in claim 7 to at least part of a substrate to be coated; and

ii) curing the coating composition from step i).

9. A substrate coated with a coating obtained in accordance with a process as claimed in claim 8 .

10. The process for producing the composition A1 as claimed in claim 2 wherein the alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are CH 2 , CH 2 —CH 2 , CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 or CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 —CH 2 .

11. The process for producing the composition A1 as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , where they are hydrogen or organic radicals, are independently hydrogen and/or alkyl radicals each having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

12. The process for producing the composition A1 as claimed in claim 2 , in which X was obtained by removing the primary amino groups from the cyclic ethers that are based on starting materials obtained in a biobased manner.

13. The coating composition of claim 7 , wherein the composition is a two-component coating composition.

14. The composition A1 according to claim 1 , wherein in formula III Y 1 is

i) Y 1 a, wherein R 1 and R 2 are each CH 2 —NH 2 , and R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 , and R 3 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

ii) Y 1 b, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 and also R 1 ′ to R 4 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 3 and R 4 are NH 2 , and R 1 , R 1 ′, R 2 , R 2 ′, R 3 ′, and R 4 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

iii) Y 1 c, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 5 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 5 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ and R 4 are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 3 and R 4 are NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 , R 5 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 3 and R 5 are NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 , R 4 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 and one of R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is NH 2 , and two of R 3 , R 4 and R 5 , and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ and R 2 , are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

iv) Y 1 d, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 6 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 6 , and also R 4 , R 5 , and R 1 ′ to R 6 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 3 and R 6 are NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 and R 1 ′ to R 6 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 and R 3 or R 6 is NH 2 , and one of R 3 and R 6 , and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ and R 2 are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

v) Y 1 e, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , and R 7 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and one of R 1 , R 2 , and R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, and R 7 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

vi) Y 1 f, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 7 , and R 8 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and two of R 1 , R 2 , R 7 , and R 8 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 7 ′, and R 8 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

vii) Y 1 g, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 7 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, and R 7 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 and R 3 is NH 2 , and R 2 , R 7 , R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, and R 7 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

viii) Y 1 h, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 7 , and R 8 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and three of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 7 , and R 8 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 7 ,′ and R 8 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 and R 3 is NH 2 , and R 2 , R 7 , and R 8 and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 7 ′, and R 8 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H, or

ix) Y 1 i, wherein two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 7 are CH 2 —NH 2 ,

and three of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 4 ′, and R 7 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 and R 3 or R 4 is NH 2 ,

and R 3 or R 4 , and also R 2 , R 7 , R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 4 ′, and R 7 ′, are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H.

15. The composition A1 according to claim 14 , wherein in formula III Y 1 is embodiment ii) or iii):

ii) Y1 is Y 1 b, R 1 and R 2 are each CH 2 —NH 2 , and R 3 , R 4 and also R 1 ′ to R 4 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H, or

R 3 and R 4 are CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 and also R 1 ′ to R 4 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H, or

iii) Y1 is Y 1 c, R 1 and R 2 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H,

or R 3 and R 5 are CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 , R 4 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ are independently organic radicals having up to 18 carbon atoms or H.

16. The composition A1 according to claim 14 , wherein in formula III Y 1 is embodiment ii) or iii):

ii) Y1 is Y 1 b, R 1 and R 2 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and R 3 , R 4 and also R 1 ′ to R 4 ′ are independently a methyl radical or H,

or R 3 and R 4 are CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 and also R 1 ′ to R 4 ′ are independently a methyl radical or H, or

iii) Y1 is Y 1 c, R 1 and R 2 are CH 2 —NH 2 , and R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ are independently a methyl radical or H,

or R 3 and R 5 are CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 , and R 1 , R 2 , R 4 and also R 1 ′ to R 5 ′ are independently a methyl radical or H.

17. The composition A1 according to claim 1 , wherein the compounds of formula III are oxacyclopentane-2,3-, -2,4-, -2,5- or -3,4-di-methyleneamine or oxacyclohexane-2,3-, -2,4-, -2,5-, -2,6-, -3,4- or -3,5-di-methyleneamine.

18. The composition A1 according to claim 1 , wherein in formula IV Y 2 and Y 3 are

a) Y 2 a and Y 3 a, R 2 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 10 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 and R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 3 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 ,

and R 2 or R 10 , R 1 or R 3 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, and R 10 ′ are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl radicals or H, and R 9 , R 9 ′ are independently CH 3 or H,

b) Y 2 a and Y 3 b, R 2 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 10 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 and R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 3 or R 4 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 ,

and R 2 or R 10 , at least one of R 1 , R 3 , and R 4 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 4 ′, and R 10 ′ are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl radicals or H, and R 9 , R 9 ′ are independently CH 3 or H,

c) Y 2 a and Y 3 d, R 2 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 10 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 and R 1 or R 7 is CH 2 —NH 2 ,

and R 2 or R 10 , R 1 or R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 7 ′, and R 10 ′ are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl radicals or H, and R 9 , R 9 ′ are independently CH 3 or H,

d) Y 2 b and Y 3 b, R 2 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 10 or R 11 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 and R 1 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 3 or R 4 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 ,

and at least one of R 2 , R 10 , and R 11 , the at least one of R 1 , R 3 , and R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 3 ′, R 4 ′, R 10 ′, and R 11 ′ are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl radicals or H, and R 9 , R 9 ′ are independently CH 3 or H,

e) Y 2 d and Y 3 d, R 2 or R 13 is CH 2 —NH 2 and R 1 or R 7 is CH 2 —NH 2 ,

and R 2 or R 13 , R 1 or R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 7 ′, and R 13 ′ are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl radicals or H, and R 9 , R 9 ′ are independently CH 3 or H, or

f) Y 2 b and Y 3 d, R 2 is CH 2 —NH 2 or R 10 or R 11 is CH 2 —NH 2 or NH 2 or R 1 or R 7 is CH 2 —NH 2 ,

and at least one of R 2 , R 10 and R 11 , R 1 or R 7 , and also R 1 ′, R 2 ′, R 7 ′, R 10 ′, and R 11 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl radicals or H, and R 9 and R 9 ′ are independently CH 3 or H.

19. The composition A1 according to claim 18 , wherein in formula IV Y 2 and Y 3 are embodiments a), b) or d).

20. The composition A1 according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula IV is selected from the group consisting of 3R,3aR,6R,6aR-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diamine; 3R,3aR,6S,6aR-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diamine; 3S,3aR,6S,6aR-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diamine; [3R,3aR,6R,6aR-6-(aminomethyl)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3-yl]methanamine; [3R,3aR,6S,6aR-6-(aminomethyl)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3-yl]methanamine; [3S,3aR,6S,6aR-6-(aminomethyl)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3-yl]methanamine; and mixtures thereof.