Waveguide-based illumination for head mounted display system

1. A head-mounted display system configured to project light via one or more waveguides to an eye of a user wearing the head-mounted display system to display image content in a vision field of said user, said head-mounted display system comprising:

a frame configured to be supported on a head of the user, the frame being distinct from the one or more waveguides utilized to display the image content in the vision field of said user, wherein at least a portion of the frame serves as a light-guiding component that is supplemental to the one or more waveguides and configured to provide illumination of the eye of the user separate from the light projected from the one or more waveguides for displaying the image content in the vison field of the user, and wherein the at least the portion of the frame is configured to cause light to be guided therein by total internal reflection to be out-coupled only at one or more discrete locations of the frame via a respective out-coupling element;

an image projector configured to project an image;

at least one illumination source;

at least one illumination in-coupling optical element configured to in-couple light from the at least one illumination source into the at least the portion of the frame serving as the light-guiding component so as to guide light from the at least one illumination source through the at least the portion of the frame; and

at least one diffusive optical element disposed on a surface of the at least the portion of the frame serving as the light-guiding component so as to be positioned forward one of the user's eyes when the frame is worn by the user, wherein the at least one diffusive optical element serves as the out-coupling element at one discrete location of the frame and is configured to diffusively couple light from the at least one illumination source out of the at least the portion of the frame serving as the light-guiding component toward the eye of the user, and wherein the at least one diffusive optical element extends across an area that is less than 5% the area of the light-guiding component.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one illumination source comprises an infrared (IR) light source configured to emit IR light.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said light-guiding component comprises a material that is transparent to visible light having a refractive index sufficient to guide light from said at least one illumination source in said light-guiding component by total internal reflection.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one diffusive optical element is configured to couple light from the at least one illumination source out of the light-guiding component toward said user's eye.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one diffusive optical element is configured to couple light from the at least one illumination source out of the light-guiding component toward the environment forward the user to the user's eye.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one light-guiding component comprises first and second light-guiding components disposed on opposite sides of a diffusive film.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one diffusive optical element comprises a pair of diffusive optical elements disposed on opposite sides of said light-guiding component.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one diffusive optical element comprises first and second diffusive optical elements configured to direct light into distributions oriented in different first and second directions.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one diffusive optical element comprises first and second diffusive optical elements configured to selectively direct light having first and second wavelengths, respectively, into distributions oriented in different first and second directions, and said at least one illumination source comprises first and second light sources that selectively emit said first and second wavelengths respectively.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one illumination source comprises a plurality of illumination sources and said at least one diffusive optical element directs light from different illumination sources into respective distributions oriented in different directions.

11. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one illumination source comprises a plurality of illumination sources and said at least one diffusive optical element directs light from different illumination sources as if originating from different respective locations forward said at least one light-guiding component.

12. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one diffusive optical element is refractive, reflective, diffractive, or any combination thereof.

13. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one diffusive optical element comprises one or more diffuser sheets, one or more light shaping diffusers, one or more diffuser films, one or more etchings, one or more transmissive optical elements, one or more particles, one or more irregular surfaces, one or more surface relieve structures, PTFE, Teflon, ground glass, opal glass, greyed glass, one or more white surfaces, colored gel, one or more holograms or any combination thereof.

14. The system of claim 1 , wherein said at least one diffusive optical element is wavelength selective so as to substantially selectively diffuse one or more wavelengths of light emitted from the at least one illumination source and not others.

15. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises a plurality of diffusive optical elements and the at least one illumination source emits a plurality of wavelength bands of light, and wherein different diffusive optical elements selectively diffuse different wavelength bands of light from the at least one illumination source.

16. The system of claim 1 , wherein light is coupled out of the light-guiding component from a region peripheral with respect to a field-of-view of the user's eye.

17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises a plurality of diffusive optical elements arranged along a line.

18. The system of claim 1 , wherein the frame comprises at least one arm, and wherein the at least one diffusive optical element is disposed on the at least one arm.