Ball screw and spindle nut therefor
A spindle nut (S) for a ball screw is conventionally designed as a hollow cylinder with a central-symmetrical middle longitudinal axis (Z). The spindle nut has an internal thread, which is designed as a ball groove (K) arranged on the cylinder inner surface. Pairs of load-relief bores (B) serve as substantially cylindrical channels for guiding the balls out of and into the ball channel (K) through the wall of the spindle nut. Each load-relief bore (B) is distinguished by a generatrix (L), which has an intersection point (C) with the thread base line of the ball channel (K) and constitutes the geometric continuation of the traveling path of a ball from the ball channel (K) into the load-relief bore (B). A tangent (T) to the cylinder surface (G) runs in a parallel manner at a spacing a >0 to the generatrix (L), both T and L being perpendicular to a common normal (R) to the middle longitudinal axis (Z).
1. A spindle nut (S) for a ball screw, comprising:
a substantially hollow-cylindrical workpiece of metal having an outer lateral surface MA and a central-symmetrical middle longitudinal axis (Z);
a ball groove (K) arranged in a manner of a thread on a cylinder inner surface that is configured to receive balls of diameter d, the inner cylinder surface (G) being defined by a helical thread base line of the ball groove (K);
ball deflections defined as straight, substantially cylindrical load-relief bores (B), that are arranged as a pair installed as channels for guiding the balls out of and into the ball channel (K) through a wall of the spindle nut, each said load-relief bore (B) being distinguished by a generatrix (L), which has an intersection point (C) with the thread base line of the ball channel (K) and constitutes a continuation of a traveling path of a ball from the ball channel (K) into the load-relief bore (B);
a tangent (T) to the cylinder surface (G) runs parallel at a spacing a >0 to the generatrix (L), with both the tangent (T) and the generatrix (L) being perpendicular to a common normal (R) to the middle longitudinal axis (Z); and
a depression in the traveling path of the ball in the ball groove (K) over a traveling distance (l) before the intersection point (C) of the ball channel (K) with the generatrix (L), such that when the ball passes through the traveling distance (l), a radial spacing of the ball from the middle axis (Z) increases by a radial spacing (t), and ⅖ d<1<⅔ d.
2. The spindle nut (S) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein both the tangent (T) and the generatrix (L) are perpendicular to a plane (E) which is defined by the normal (R) and the middle longitudinal axis (Z) of the spindle nut.
3. The spindle nut (S) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein for the spacing (a), ⅕ d<a<⅓ d.
4. The spindle nut (S) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spacing (a) is 25%+/−3% of the ball diameter (d).
5. The spindle nut (S) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the radial spacing (t) between the ball and the middle axis increases by 1/33 to 1/25 of the ball diameter (d).
6. The spindle nut (S) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein middle axes of two load-relief bores (B) which together comprise a guiding-in and guiding-out channel, form constituent parts of a ball return, and are aligned parallel to one another.
7. A ball screw, comprising the threaded spindle and a spindle nut according to claim 1 , which coaxially at least partially encloses the threaded spindle, and a multiplicity of balls, which circulate in an intermediate space between the threaded spindle and the spindle nut on the helical ball track.
8. The ball screw of claim 7 , wherein there are two pairs of the ball deflections.