Segmented silicone polymers and methods of making and using the same
Segmented silicone polymers incorporating segments formed from medium-chain fatty acids are generally disclosed herein. Methods of using such compounds, for example, as surfactants, are also disclosed herein, as well as methods of making such compounds, for example, from medium-chain fatty acids derived from natural oils.
1. A silicone composition, the silicone composition comprising:
one or more siloxane polymers comprising:
(a) one or more segments of formula (I):
and
(b) one or more segments of formula (II):
wherein:
each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is independently a hydrogen atom, a C 1-14 hydrocarbyl group, or a C 1-14 hydrocarbyloxygroup, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is a hydrogen atom;
each X 1 and X 2 is independently an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, >NH, or >N(C 1-6 alkyl);
each G 1 and G 2 is independently a C 1-14 hydrocarbylene group;
each G 3 is independently a C 1-14 hydrocarbylene group, which is optionally substituted one or more times by substituents selected from the group consisting of —OH and —O(C 1-6 alkyl);
each k is independently an integer ranging from 5 to 5000;
wherein the silicone composition comprises a carrier; and
wherein the one or more siloxane polymers make up from 0.1 to 95 percent by weight of the silicone composition, based on the total weight of the composition.
2. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein G 1 and G 2 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising segments of formula (II) are independently selected from the group consisting of —(CH 2 ) 9 —, —(CH 2 ) 10 —, and —(CH 2 ) 11 —.
3. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein each G 3 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising segments of formula (II) is independently selected from the group consisting of a C 1-14 alkylene group, a C 1-8 alkylene group, —(CH 2 ) 1-6 , and —(CH 2 ) 2 —.
4. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising segments of formula (I) is independently a hydrogen atom, a C 1-14 hydrocarbyl group, or C 1-8 alkyl group.
5. The silicone composition of claim 4 , wherein each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising formula (I) is independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl.
6. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein the segments of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising formula (I) and the segments of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising segments of formula (II) together make up at least 60% by weight of the siloxane polymer, wherein the segments of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising segments of formula (I) make up at least 50% by weight of the siloxane polymer, wherein the segments of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising formula (II) makeup at least 10% by weight of the siloxane polymer.
7. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more siloxane polymers comprise two or more endcap groups, wherein the endcap groups are moieties of formula (III):
—(O) m —Si(R 21 )(R 22 )(R 23 ) (III)
wherein:
R 21 , R 22 , and R 23 are independently a hydrogen atom, —OH, C 1-14 hydrocarbyl, or C 1-14 hydrocarbyloxy; and
m is 0 or 1.
8. The silicone composition of claim 7 , wherein at least two of R 21 , R 22 , and R 23 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising moieties of formula (III) is a hydrogen atom or C 1-14 hydrocarbyl.
9. The silicone composition of claim 7 , wherein one of R 21 , R 22 , and R 23 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising moieties of formula (III) is a —OH or C 1-14 hydrocarbyloxy.
10. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein the carrier comprises water.
11. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein the carrier comprises an organic solvent.
12. The silicone composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additives comprising surfactants, pigments, antimicrobial agents, or photostabilizers.
13. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more siloxane polymers have a weight-average molecular weight ranging from 1 kDa to 50 kDa.
14. An article of manufacture, which comprises a portion formed from a silicone composition of claim 1 .
15. The article of manufacture of claim 14 , which is an electrical insulating article, a coating layer, a sealing layer, a portion of an electronic device, a gasket, a seal, a pad, a mold, a paper article, a textile article, a fire stop, a microfluidic device, a bandage, a dressing for a wound, a scar treatment sheet, a breast implant, a testicular implant, a pectoral implant, a contact lens, an ophthalmic tube, an ophthalmic stent, or a nipple.
16. The silicone composition of claim 1 , wherein each X 1 and X 2 of the one or more siloxane polymers comprising segments of formula (II) is an oxygen atom.