Lithium secondary battery
A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a cathode active material particle having a specific concentration ratio, an anode; and a separation layer interposed between the cathode and the anode. The lithium secondary battery has improved formation discharge amount, formation discharge efficiency and power output.
1. A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a lithium metal oxide particle having a form of secondary particle in which a plurality of primary particles are aggregated,
wherein the primary particles include a particle having a rod-type shape, and
wherein the lithium metal oxide particle is represented by Chemical Formula 1;
Li x M1 a M2 b M3 c O y [Chemical Formula 1]
wherein in Chemical Formula, M1, M2 and M3 represents a first metal, a second metal and a third metal, respectively, and the first metal is Ni, the second metal is Mn and the third metal is Co,
0<x≤1.1, 2≤y≤2.02, 0.8≤a≤0.9, 0.01≤b≤0.2, 0.04≤c≤0.2, 0.091≤c/(a+c)≤0.111, and a+b+c=1,
wherein the first metal includes a decreasing concentration gradient region only at a specific portion between a central portion of the lithium metal oxide particle and a surface of the lithium metal oxide particle, and the third metal has a constant concentration from the central portion of the lithium metal oxide particle to the surface of the lithium metal oxide particle,
wherein a molar ratio of the first metal at the surface is 0.770 or more based on a total amount of the first metal, the second metal and the third metal,
wherein the first metal and the second metal do not have a continuous concentration gradient in a region of 0.4 μm radius from a center of the lithium metal oxide particle.
2. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the second metal includes a concentration gradient region at a specific portion between the central portion of the lithium metal oxide particle and the surface of the lithium metal oxide particle.
3. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to claim 2 , wherein
the second metal includes an increasing concentration gradient region between the central portion of the lithium metal oxide particle and the surface of the lithium metal oxide particle.
4. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein an average diameter (D50) of the lithium metal oxide particle is in a range from 3 μm to 25 μm.
5. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium metal oxide particle includes a dopant or a coating containing at least one element selected from a group consisting of Al, Ti, Ba, Zr, Si, B, Mg and P.
6. The cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a long-axis of the particle having a rod-type shape is oriented in a direction from a central portion of the lithium metal oxide particle to a surface of the lithium metal oxide particle.