Single lithium-ion conductive polymer electrolytes for Si anode-based lithium-ion batteries

1. An energy storage device comprising:

a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein one or both of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode;

a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; and

an electrolyte;

wherein said electrolyte is a single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte; and

wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material and said organic-inorganic hybrid material is selected from the group consisting of aluminate-based hybrid materials, siloxyaluminate-based hybrid materials, and thioaluminate-based hybrid materials.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode is a Si-dominant electrode.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises a self-supporting composite material film.

4. The energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the Si-dominant electrode comprises:

greater than 0% and less than about 95% by weight of silicon particles, and

greater than 0% and less than about 90% by weight of one or more types of carbon phases,

wherein at least one of the one or more types of carbon phases is a substantially continuous phase that holds the Si-dominant electrode together such that the silicon particles are distributed throughout the Si-dominant electrode.

5. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises a Si/graphite composite, Silicon oxide, Silicon oxide/graphite composite or Silicon nitride.

6. The energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the second electrode comprises greater than 80% Si.

7. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is combined with a dual-ion conductor.

8. The energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a liquid electrolyte.

9. The energy storage device of claim 7 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a solid electrolyte.

10. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte also forms at least a part of the separator.

11. The energy storage device of claim 10 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte also forms the separator, which is a thin polymer film.

12. The energy storage device of claim 11 , wherein the thin polymer film is 50 microns or less.

13. An energy storage device comprising:

a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein one or both of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode;

a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electrolyte; wherein:

said electrolyte is a single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte; the second electrode is a Si-dominant electrode comprising:

greater than 0% and less than about 95% by weight of silicon particles, and

greater than 0% and less than about 90% by weight of one or more types of carbon phases; and

at least one of the one or more types of carbon phases is a substantially continuous phase that holds the Si-dominant electrode together such that the silicon particles are distributed throughout the Si-dominant electrode.

14. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises all-solid-state polymer electrolytes, quasi-solid polymer electrolytes and/or polymer gel electrolytes.

15. The energy storage device of claim 14 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is a polymer containing one or more of sulfonylimide (—SO 2 N (−) SO 2 —) anions, sulfonate (—SO 3 − ) anions, and carboxylate anions (—CO 2 − ).

16. The energy storage device of claim 15 , wherein said polymer is selected from the group consisting of lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl) (fluorosulfonyl)imide] (LiPSFSI); lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide] (LiPSTFSI); lithium poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (LiPSS); poly[(o-carboxy)oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate]; copolymer of oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate and lithium methacrylate; copolymer of oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate; and lithium acrylamidocaproate.

17. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material.

18. The energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein said organic-inorganic hybrid material is selected from the croup consisting of aluminate-based hybrid materials, siloxyaluminate-based hybrid materials, and thioaluminate-based hybrid materials.

19. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises a polymer blend material.

20. The energy storage device of claim 19 , wherein said polymer blend material comprises polyethylene oxide (PEO); poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP); Polyacrylonitrile (PAN); Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), networked cellulose, Polyimide (PI), polyamide-imide (PAI), polysiloxane-based polymers, and/or Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

21. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is a lithiated-Nafion film.

22. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the second electrode comprises a self-supporting composite material film.

23. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the second electrode comprises a Si/graphite composite, Silicon oxide, Silicon oxide/graphite composite or Silicon nitride.

24. The energy storage device of claim 22 , wherein the second electrode comprises greater than 80% Si.

25. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is combined with a dual-ion conductor.

26. The energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a liquid electrolyte.

27. The energy storage device of claim 17 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a solid electrolyte.

28. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte also forms at least a part of the separator.

29. The energy storage device of claim 20 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte also forms the separator, which is a thin polymer film.

30. The energy storage device of claim 21 , wherein the thin polymer film is 50 microns or less.

31. An energy storage device comprising:

a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein one or both of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode;

a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; and

an electrolyte; wherein:

said electrolyte is a single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte; and

the second electrode is a Si-dominant electrode comprising greater than 80% Si.

32. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises all-solid-state polymer electrolytes, quasi-solid polymer electrolytes and/or polymer gel electrolytes.

33. The energy storage device of claim 32 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is a polymer containing one or more of sulfonylimide (—SO 2 N (−) SO 2 —) anions, sulfonate (—SO 3 − ) anions, and carboxylate anions (—CO 2 − ).

34. The energy storage device of claim 33 , wherein said polymer is selected from the group consisting of lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl) (fluorosulfonyl)imide] (LiPSFSI); lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide] (LiPSTFSI); lithium poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (LiPSS); poly[(o-carboxy)oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate]; copolymer of oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate and lithium methacrylate; copolymer of oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate; and lithium acrylamidocaproate.

35. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material.

36. The energy storage device of claim 35 , wherein said organic-inorganic hybrid material is selected from the croup consisting of aluminate-based hybrid materials, siloxyaluminate-based hybrid materials, and thioaluminate-based hybrid materials.

37. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises a polymer blend material.

38. The energy storage device of claim 37 , wherein said polymer blend material comprises polyethylene oxide (PEO); poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP); Polyacrylonitrile (PAN); Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), networked cellulose, Polyimide (PI), polyamide-imide (PAI), polysiloxane-based polymers, and/or Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

39. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is a lithiated-Nafion film.

40. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein the second electrode comprises a self-supporting composite material film.

41. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein the Si-dominant electrode comprises:

greater than 0% and less than about 95% by weight of silicon particles, and

greater than 0% and less than about 90% by weight of one or more types of carbon phases,

wherein at least one of the one or more types of carbon phases is a substantially continuous phase that holds the Si-dominant electrode together such that the silicon particles are distributed throughout the Si-dominant electrode.

42. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein the second electrode comprises a Si/graphite composite, Silicon oxide, Silicon oxide/graphite composite or Silicon nitride.

43. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is combined with a dual-ion conductor.

44. The energy storage device of claim 43 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a liquid electrolyte.

45. The energy storage device of claim 43 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a solid electrolyte.

46. The energy storage device of claim 31 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte also forms at least a part of the separator.

47. The energy storage device of claim 46 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte also forms the separator, which is a thin polymer film.

48. The energy storage device of claim 47 , wherein the thin polymer film is 50 microns or less.

49. An energy storage device comprising:

a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein one or both of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode;

a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; and

an electrolyte; wherein:

said electrolyte is a single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte;

the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte forms the separator, which is a thin polymer film; and

the thin polymer film is 50 microns or less.

50. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises all-solid-state polymer electrolytes, quasi-solid polymer electrolytes and/or polymer gel electrolytes.

51. The energy storage device of claim 50 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is a polymer containing one or more of sulfonylimide (—SO 2 N (−) SO 2 —) anions, sulfonate (—SO 3 − ) anions, and carboxylate anions (—CO 2 − ).

52. The energy storage device of claim 51 , wherein said polymer is selected from the group consisting of lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl) (fluorosulfonyl)imide] (LiPSFSI); lithium poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide] (LiPSTFSI); lithium poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (LiPSS); poly[(o-carboxy)oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate]; copolymer of oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate and lithium methacrylate; copolymer of oligo(oxyethylene) methacrylate; and lithium acrylamidocaproate.

53. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material.

54. The energy storage device of claim 53 , wherein said organic-inorganic hybrid material is selected from the croup consisting of aluminate-based hybrid materials, siloxyaluminate-based hybrid materials, and thioaluminate-based hybrid materials.

55. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte comprises a polymer blend material.

56. The energy storage device of claim 55 , wherein said polymer blend material comprises polyethylene oxide (PEO); poly(vinylidene fluoride)-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP); Polyacrylonitrile (PAN); Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA, Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), networked cellulose, Polyimide (PI), polyamide-imide (PAI), polysiloxane-based polymers, and/or Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

57. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein said single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is a lithiated-Nafion film.

58. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein the second electrode is a Si-dominant electrode.

59. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein the second electrode comprises a self-supporting composite material film.

60. The energy storage device of claim 58 , wherein the Si-dominant electrode comprises:

greater than 0% and less than about 95% by weight of silicon particles, and

greater than 0% and less than about 90% by weight of one or more types of carbon phases,

wherein at least one of the one or more types of carbon phases is a substantially continuous phase that holds the Si-dominant electrode together such that the silicon particles are distributed throughout the Si-dominant electrode.

61. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein the second electrode comprises a Si/graphite composite, Silicon oxide, Silicon oxide/graphite composite or Silicon nitride.

62. The energy storage device of claim 58 , wherein the second electrode comprises greater than 80% Si.

63. The energy storage device of claim 49 , wherein the single Li-ion conducting solid-state polymer electrolyte is combined with a dual-ion conductor.

64. The energy storage device of claim 63 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a liquid electrolyte.

65. The energy storage device of claim 63 , wherein said dual-ion conductor is a solid electrolyte.