Boron-containing chemicals as cathode additives, Si anode additives, electrolyte additives or separator modifiers for Li-ion batteries
Electrodes, electrolytes and/or separators for energy storage devices comprising functional boron-containing chemicals are disclosed. The energy storage device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, and an electrolyte composition. Functional boron-containing chemicals may serve as additives to one or more of the electrodes, electrolyte and/or separator.
1. An energy storage device comprising:
an anode and a cathode, where at least one of the anode or the cathode contains an electrode additive;
a separator between the anode and the cathode; and
an electrolyte composition; wherein said electrode additive comprises at least one boron-containing compound; and
wherein the boron-containing compound comprises one or more of: Cyclopropylboronic acid MIDA ester (CAS 1104637-36-6); 2-cyclobutyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 1104637-37-7); 2-cyclopentyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 117311-84-9); 2-cyclohexyl-6-methyl 1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 1104637-39-9); anhydride; Thiophene-2-boronic acid pinacol ester; 4-Methylthiophene-3-boronic acid pinacol ester; 3-(5,5-Dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl) pyridine; 3-Cyano-1-propylboronic acid pinacol ester; Cyclopropylboronic acid pinacol ester; Cyclohexylboronic acid pinacol ester; Pyridine-3-boronic acid 1,3-propanediol ester; 2,5-Difluoropyridine-4-boronic acid, pinacol ester (CAS: 1622217-35-9); or 2,6-Difluoropyridine-3,5-diboronic acid, pinacol ester (CAS: 1218789-90-2).
2. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the anode is a Si-dominant electrode.
3. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises one or more of: nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM), lithium iron phosphate (LFP), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), Ni-rich layered oxides (LiNi 1-x MxO 2 , Mn=Co, Mn, and Al), Li-rich, xLi 2 MnO 3 ·(1-x)LiNi a CobMn c O 2 , Li-rich layered oxides (LiNi 1+x M 1-x O 2 , Mn=Co, Mn, and Ni), or high-voltage spinel oxides (LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ).
4. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein said electrode additive comprises 5% or less by weight of the active material of the electrode.
5. The energy storage device of claim 4 , wherein said electrode additive comprises 1% or less by weight of the active material of the electrode.
6. The energy storage device of claim 2 , wherein the anode comprises an active material that comprises between about 50% to about 95% silicon by weight.
7. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the energy storage device comprises a lithium ion battery.
8. The energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a liquid, solid, or gel.
9. An energy storage device comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode;
a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; and
an electrolyte composition; wherein
said electrolyte composition comprises at least one electrolyte additive comprising a boron-containing compound; and
wherein the boron-containing compound comprises one or more of: Cyclopropylboronic acid MIDA ester (CAS 1104637-36-6); 2-cyclobutyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 1104637-37-7); 2-cyclopentyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 117311-84-9); Phenylboronic acid trimeric anhydride; Thiophene-2-boronic acid pinacol ester; 4-Methylthiophene-3-boronic acid pinacol ester; 3-(5,5-Dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl) pyridine; 3-Cyano-1-propylboronic acid pinacol ester; Cyclopropylboronic acid pinacol ester; Cyclohexylboronic acid pinacol ester; Pyridine-3-boronic acid 1,3-propanediol ester; 2,5-Difluoropyridine-4-boronic acid, pinacol estser (CAS: 1622217-35-9); or 2,6-Difluoropyridine-3,5-diboronic acid, pinacol ester (CAS: 1218789-90-2).
10. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the second electrode comprises an active material that comprises between about 50% to about 95% silicon.
11. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the energy storage device comprises a lithium ion battery.
12. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the electrolyte composition comprises a liquid, solid, or gel.
13. The energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the second electrode comprises a self-supporting composite material film.
14. The energy storage device of claim 13 , wherein the composite material film comprises:
greater than 0% and less than about 95% by weight of silicon particles, and
greater than 0% and less than about 90% by weight of one or more types of carbon phases, wherein at least one of the one or more types of carbon phases is a substantially continuous phase that holds the composite material film together such that the silicon particles are distributed throughout the composite material film.
15. A method of forming an energy storage device, the method comprising:
forming an energy storage device comprising a cathode, an electrolyte composition, and an anode;
wherein said one or more of said cathode or said anode and/or said electrolyte composition comprise an additive compound;
said additive compound comprising a boron-containing compound;
wherein said one or both of said cathode and said anode is formed using, at least, the following steps:
said electrode active material is mixed to create a slurry;
said electrolyte composition is added to said slurry;
said slurry is coated on metal foil; and
the coated metal foil is dried; and
wherein the boron-containing compound comprises one or more of: Cyclopropylboronic acid MIDA ester (CAS 1104637-36-6); 2-cyclobutyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 1104637-37-7); 2-cyclopentyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 117311-84-9); 2-cyclohexyl-6-methyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane-4,8-dione (CAS: 1104637-39-9); anhydride; Thiophene-2-boronic acid pinacol ester; 4-Methylthiophene-3-boronic acid pinacol ester; 3-(5,5-Dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl) pyridine; 3-Cyano-1-propylboronic acid pinacol ester; Cyclopropylboronic acid pinacol ester; Cyclohexylboronic acid pinacol ester; Pyridine-3-boronic acid 1,3-propanediol ester; 2,5-Difluoropyridine-4-boronic acid, pinacol estser (CAS: 1622217-35-9); or 2,6-Difluoropyridine-3,5-diboronic acid, pinacol ester (CAS: 1218789-90-2).
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the anode is a Si-dominant electrode.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the anode comprises a self-supporting composite material film.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the composite material film comprises:
greater than 0% and less than about 95% by weight of silicon particles, and
greater than 0% and less than about 90% by weight of one or more types of carbon phases, wherein at least one of the one or more types of carbon phases is a substantially continuous phase that holds the composite material film together such that the silicon particles are distributed throughout the composite material film.