Systems and methods for water treatment and storage
This disclosure describes systems and methods for providing water to a user for consumption. Systems of the present disclosure can include a water management system including one or more a water treatment flow path for receiving source water, disinfection unit(s), additive unit(s), sensor(s) for maintaining various water conditions. Additionally, water management, treatment and/or storage systems including controller(s) and associated methods of operating are also described for dispensing water to a user.
1. A water treatment and storage system comprising:
a water treatment flow path including a primary water treatment flow path to receive water from a water source and direct the water in a recirculation flow path to a storage reservoir;
one or more pumping devices to flow the water along the water treatment flow path to the storage reservoir;
a first oxidation unit to inject an oxidizing compound into the water flowing in the primary water treatment flow path;
an additive unit for adding one or more additives into the water flowing in the water treatment flow path in advance of the storage reservoir;
an outbound flow path to receive the water from a reservoir outlet of the storage reservoir and direct the water to a dispensing outlet; and
a controller to control an operation of the water treatment and storage system in a plurality of modes including:
a primary water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path and a through portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir;
a recirculation maintenance mode wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir, through the recirculation flow path and back to the storage reservoir; and,
a mixed water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path to a portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir, and wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir through the recirculation flow path;
wherein the oxidizing compound is ozone,
wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one of:
an ozone CT value in a first range of 0.2 to 5.5 as a function of temperature in a second range of 50 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius; and
a concentration of ozone above a concentration value of 0.25 ppm in the water treatment flow path.
2. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the water source is an atmospheric water generator; and, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a production water flow rate input to the primary water treatment flow path from the water source is above a predetermined threshold; and
activate the first oxidation unit if the production water flow rate input from the water source is above the predetermined threshold; and,
communicate or log water production data of the atmospheric water generator based on the production water flow rate input.
3. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 ,
wherein the water treatment and storage system further comprises at least one recirculation oxidation unit to generate oxidative conditions in the water flowing in the recirculation flow path; and,
wherein the additive unit adds the one or more additives into the water flowing in the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir.
4. The water treatment and storage system of claim 3 , wherein the at least one recirculation oxidation unit comprises at least one of:
a recirculation ozone injection unit to inject ozone into the water flowing in the recirculation flow path; and
an ultraviolet (UV) irradiation unit for irradiating the water in the recirculation flow path.
5. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a flow rate of water input to the water treatment flow path from the water source is above a predetermined threshold; and
activate a recirculation oxidation unit if the flow rate of water input from the water source is above the predetermined threshold.
6. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the water treatment and storage system comprises a metering unit in the primary water treatment flow path downstream of the first oxidation unit;
wherein the controller is configured to determine if a water level in the metering unit has reached a predetermined threshold; and
in response to reaching the predetermined water level threshold in the metering unit, activate a production pumping device to flow the water from the primary water treatment flow path to the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir.
7. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a conductivity of the water in the recirculation flow path is below a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the conductivity of the water in the recirculation flow path is below the predetermined threshold, activate the additive unit to add the one or more additives into the water flowing in the recirculation flow path.
8. The water treatment and storage system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a pH value of the water in the recirculation flow path is below a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the pH value of the water in the recirculation flow path is below the predetermined threshold, activate the additive unit to add one or more pH adjusting compounds into the water flowing in the recirculation flow path.
9. The water treatment and storage system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine a water level in the storage reservoir; and
activate a recirculation pumping device to flow the water along the recirculation flow path at a flow rate based on the water level in the storage reservoir.
10. The water treatment and storage system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a predetermined time period has lapsed;
activate a recirculation pumping device to flow the water along the recirculation flow path if the predetermined time period has lapsed; and
activate the at least one recirculation oxidation unit to generate the oxidative conditions in the water flowing in the recirculation flow path if the predetermined time period has lapsed.
11. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine, based on one or more sensed water conditions from the one or more sensors, a quantity of the oxidizing compound in the water flowing in the water treatment flow path; and
adjust the quantity of the oxidizing compound generated by the first oxidation unit based on the quantity of the oxidizing compound in the water flowing in the water treatment flow path.
12. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the water treatment and storage system comprises:
an outbound pumping device to flow the water from the storage reservoir, through the outbound flow path to the dispensing outlet; and,
an outbound disinfection unit to disinfect the water flowing in the outbound flow path;
wherein the controller is configured to:
detect an operational fault of at least one of the first oxidation unit, a recirculation oxidation unit and the outbound disinfection unit; and
in response to detecting the operational fault, disable the outbound pumping device.
13. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
receive a dispensing signal; and
in response to receiving the dispensing signal, activate a dispensing valve and an outbound pumping device to direct the water from the storage reservoir to the outbound flow path.
14. The water treatment and storage system of claim 13 , wherein the controller is configured to:
activate a recirculation pumping device and a recirculation oxidation unit; and
direct at least a portion of the water in the recirculation flow path to the outbound flow path via the dispensing valve.
15. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein:
the water treatment and storage system comprises a filter unit to filter the water from the water source in advance of the first oxidation unit; and
the controller is configured to activate a filter flush pump to recirculate the water in the water treatment flow path downstream of the first oxidation unit and back through the filter unit.
16. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a concentration of the oxidizing compound in the water that is output from the storage reservoir through the recirculation flow path is less than a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the concentration of the oxidizing compound in the recirculation flow path is less than the predetermined threshold, activate at least one recirculation oxidation unit and a recirculation pumping device to recirculate a complete storage reservoir volume.
17. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to control the operation of the water treatment and storage system based on a water quality parameter value selected from a group of acidity, alkalinity, total hardness, conductivity, calcium concentration, pH, microbe concentration, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, temperature, or a combination thereof.
18. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the additive unit is configured to add a mineral comprising magnesium, potassium, sodium, magnesium carbonate, calcium magnesium carbonate, dolomitic limestone, calcareous dolomite, dolomite, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, calcium chloride, a carbon dioxide generating compound a derivative or a combination thereof.
19. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a total dissolved solids (TDS) of the water in the recirculation flow path is less than a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the water in the recirculation flow path is less than the predetermined threshold, activate the additive unit to add the one or additives in the recirculation flow path.
20. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine if a pH of water in the recirculation flow path is less than a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the pH of the water in the recirculation flow path is less than the predetermined threshold, activate the additive unit to add a carbonate additive in the recirculation flow path.
21. The water treatment and storage system of claim 20 , wherein a predetermined pH threshold is below a pH value of 7.
22. The water treatment and storage system of claim 1 , wherein the water source is an atmospheric water generator; and, wherein the controller is configured to recirculate the water in the storage reservoir during time periods of low source water generation from the atmospheric water generator.
23. A method for operating a water treatment and storage system comprising:
supplying water from a water source to a water treatment flow path of the water treatment and storage system, the water treatment flow path including a primary water treatment flow path to receive water from the water source and direct the water in a recirculation flow path to a storage reservoir;
exposing the water to an oxidizing agent comprising ozone in the water treatment flow path;
adding one more additives into the water in the water treatment flow path;
controlling, by a controller, an operation of the water treatment and storage system in a plurality of modes including:
a primary water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path and a through portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir;
a recirculation maintenance mode wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir, through the recirculation flow path and back to the storage reservoir; and,
a mixed water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path to a portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir, and wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir through the recirculation flow path; and,
maintaining, by the controller, at least one of:
an ozone CT value in a first range of 0.2 to 5.5 as a function of temperature in a second range of 50 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius; and
a concentration of ozone above a concentration value of 0.25 ppm in the water treatment flow path.
24. The method of claim 23 , wherein supplying the water from the water source to the water treatment flow path comprises generating water from ambient air by an atmospheric water generator.
25. The method of claim 23 , wherein adding one more additives into the water in the water treatment flow path comprises injecting a calcium compound, a magnesium compound, a pH-adjusting agent or a combination thereof.
26. The method of claim 23 , further comprising sensing a water quality parameter comprising acidity, alkalinity, total hardness, conductivity, calcium concentration, pH, CO2 concentration, microbe concentration, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, temperature, or a combination thereof.
27. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining, based on a sensed water conditions from a sensor, a quantity of the oxidizing agent in the water flowing in the water treatment flow path; and
adjusting a time of exposure of the water to the oxidizing agent based on the quantity of the oxidizing agent in the water flowing in the water treatment flow path.
28. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining a flow rate of water input to the primary water treatment flow path from the water source is above a predetermined threshold; and
activating a first oxidation unit if the flow rate of water input from the water source is above the predetermined threshold.
29. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining if a total dissolved solids (TDS) in the water in the recirculation flow path is below a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the TDS is below the predetermined threshold, activate an additive unit to add a calcium compound, a magnesium compound, or a combination thereof into the water flowing in the recirculation flow path.
30. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining if a pH value of the water in the recirculation flow path is below a predetermined threshold; and
in response to determining the pH value of the water in the recirculation flow path is below the predetermined threshold, activate an additive unit to add one or more pH adjusting compounds into the water flowing in the recirculation flow path.
31. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining if an ozone CT value in the primary water treatment flow path is above 2; and
in response to determining the ozone CT value in the primary water treatment flow path is above 2, distribute the water from a primary treatment flow path to at least a portion of the recirculation flow path.
32. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining a water level in the storage reservoir; and
activating a recirculation pumping device to flow the water along the recirculation flow path at a flow rate based on the water level in the storage reservoir.
33. The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
determining if a predetermined time period has lapsed;
activating a recirculation pumping device to flow the water along the recirculation flow path if the predetermined time period has lapsed; and
activate a recirculation oxidation unit to generate oxidative conditions in the water flowing in the recirculation flow path if the predetermined time period has lapsed.
34. A system for providing water to a user for consumption comprising:
a water production system for generating water from air;
a water treatment and storage system comprising a water treatment flow path including a primary water treatment flow path for receiving generated water and direct the water in a recirculation flow path to a storage reservoir;
a controller to control the system in a plurality of modes including:
a primary water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path and a through portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir;
a recirculation maintenance mode wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir, through the recirculation flow path and back to the storage reservoir; and,
a mixed water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path to a portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir, and wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir through the recirculation flow path;
wherein the oxidizing compound is ozone,
wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one of:
an ozone CT value in a first range of 0.2 to 5.5 as a function of temperature in a second range of 50 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius; and
a concentration of ozone above a concentration value of 0.25 ppm in the water treatment flow path.
35. A method for providing water to a user for consumption comprising:
generating, by one or more water generating units, water from air;
supplying generated water to a water treatment flow path of a water treatment and storage system, the water treatment flow path including a primary water treatment flow path to receive water from the water source and direct the water in a recirculation flow path to a storage reservoir;
exposing the water to an oxidizing agent comprising ozone in the water treatment flow path;
adding one more additives into the water in the water treatment flow path;
controlling, by a controller, an operation of the water treatment and storage system in a plurality of modes including:
a primary water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path and a through portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir;
a recirculation maintenance mode wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir, through the recirculation flow path and back to the storage reservoir; and,
a mixed water treatment mode wherein the water is directed through the primary water treatment flow path to a portion of the recirculation flow path in advance of the storage reservoir, and wherein the water is directed from the storage reservoir through the recirculation flow path; and,
maintaining, by the controller, at least one of:
an ozone CT value in a first range of 0.2 to 5.5 as a function of temperature in a second range of 50 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius; and
a concentration of ozone above a concentration value of 0.25 ppm in the water treatment flow path.