L-ornithine phenyl acetate and methods of making thereof
Disclosed herein are forms of L-ornithine phenyl acetate and methods of making the same. A crystalline form may, in some embodiments, be Forms I, II, III and V, or mixtures thereof. The crystalline forms may be formulated for treating subjects with liver disorders, such as hepatic encephalopathy. Accordingly, some embodiments include formulations and methods of administering L-ornithine phenyl acetate.
1 . An amorphous form of L-ornithine phenylacetate, prepared by a process comprising:
intermixing an L-ornithine salt, a benzoate salt and a solvent to form an intermediate solution;
intermixing phenylacetate with said intermediate solution; and
isolating a composition comprising at least 70% by weight of the amorphous form of L-ornithine phenylacetate, wherein the composition comprises at least about 0.1% by weight benzoate salt.
2 . The amorphous form of claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises removing at least a portion of a salt from said intermediate solution before intermixing the phenylacetate, wherein said salt is not an L-ornithine salt.
3 . The amorphous form of claim 2 , wherein the process further comprises adding hydrochloric acid before removing at least a portion of the salt.
4 . The amorphous form of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises no more than 5% by weight benzoate salt.
5 . The amorphous form of claim 1 , wherein the L-ornithine salt is L-ornithine hydrochloride.
6 . The amorphous form of claim 5 , wherein the composition comprises no more than 0.1% by weight chloride.
7 . The amorphous form of claim 1 , wherein the benzoate salt is silver benzoate.
8 . The amorphous form of claim 7 , wherein the composition comprises at least 10 ppm silver.
9 . The amorphous form of claim 8 , wherein said composition comprises no more than 600 ppm silver.
10 . The amorphous form of claim 1 , wherein the phenylacetate is in an alkali metal salt.
11 . The amorphous form of claim 10 , wherein the alkali metal salt is sodium phenylacetate.
12 . The amorphous form of claim 11 , wherein said composition comprises no more than 100 ppm sodium.
13 . An amorphous form of L-ornithine phenylacetate, prepared by a process comprising:
increasing the pH value of a solution comprising an L-ornithine salt at least until an intermediate salt precipitates, wherein said intermediate salt is not an L-ornithine salt;
isolating the intermediate salt from said solution;
intermixing phenyl acetic acid with said solution; and
isolating a composition comprising an amorphous form of L-ornithine phenylacetate from said solution, wherein the L-ornithine phenylacetate salt is L-ornithine hydrochloride, and wherein the composition comprises at least about 0.005% by weight of chloride.
14 . The amorphous form of claim 13 , wherein the pH value is increased to at least 8.0.
15 . The amorphous form of claim 14 , wherein the pH value is increased to at least 9.0.
16 . The amorphous form of claim 13 , wherein increasing the pH value comprises adding a pH modifier selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, potassium t-butoxide, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, dibutylamine, tryptamine, sodium hydride, calcium hydride, butyllithium, ethylmagnesium bromide, and combinations thereof.
17 . The amorphous form of claim 13 , wherein the composition comprises no more than 1% by weight of chloride.