Photochromic polyurethane laminate
A photochromic polyurethane laminate wherein the photochromic polyurethane layer of the laminate has been crosslinked with an isocyanate-active prepolymer using a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking agent is formulated to have at least three functional groups that are reactive with functional groups of the polyurethane or of the isocyanate-active prepolymer. A method of making the photochromic polyurethane laminate includes steps of causing the crosslinking.
1. A photochromic polyurethane laminate comprising:
a crosslinked photochromic polyurethane host layer prepared from a composition comprising:
a polyurethane;
an isocyanate prepolymer;
a crosslinking agent comprising a blocked isocyanate with three or more functional isocyanate groups; and
a photochromic agent;
a first resin layer attached to a first side of the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer; and
a second resin layer attached to a second side of the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer.
2. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane is formed from a polycaprolactone diol.
3. A photochromic polyurethane laminate comprising:
a first resin layer;
a second resin layer; and
a crosslinked photochromic polyurethane host layer disposed between the first and the second resin layers, the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane host layer formed of a composition comprising:
a polyurethane;
an isocyanate prepolymer;
a crosslinking agent having at least three blocked functional groups with a blocking agent, wherein said at least three blocked functional groups react with hydroxyl groups of the polyurethane when said blocking agent is removed at an elevated temperature from said at least three blocked functional groups of said crosslinking agent; and
at least one photochromic compound.
4. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 3 , wherein said at least three blocked functional groups of the crosslinking agent are blocked isocyanate groups.
5. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 4 , wherein said at least three blocked isocyanate groups react with said hydroxyl groups of the polyurethane when said blocking agent is removed at said elevated temperature from said at least three blocked isocyanate groups.
6. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 3 , wherein said blocking agent comprises an oxime containing blocking agent or an alcohol containing blocking agent.
7. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 6 , wherein said oxime containing blocking agent comprises 3,5-dimethyl pyrazol, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone oxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, 2-heptanone oxime; 1,2,4-triazole or an ϵ-caprolactam.
8. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 6 , wherein said alcohol containing blocking agent comprises nonylphenol, t-butanol, propylene glycol, isopropanol, methanol, n-butanol, n-propanol, n-hexanol or n-pentanol.
9. A photochromic polyurethane laminate comprising:
a first resin layer;
a second resin layer; and
a crosslinked photochromic polyurethane host layer disposed between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane host layer formed of a composition comprising:
a thermoplastic polyurethane prepared from a composition comprising an aliphatic diisocyanate, a diol and a chain extender;
an isocyanate prepolymer prepared from a composition comprising an aliphatic diisocyanate and a diol;
a crosslinking agent having at least three blocked functional groups with a blocking agent; and
at least one photochromic compound.
10. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the aliphatic diisocyanate comprising 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethanediisocyanate.
11. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the diol comprises a polycaprolactone diol having an OH number of 112 mg KOH/g and a number average molecular weight of about 1000 g/mole.
12. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the chain extender to prepare the thermoplastic polyurethane comprises 1,4-butane-diol.
13. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the at least three blocked functional groups of the crosslinking agent are blocked isocyanate groups.
14. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the at least three blocked isocyanate groups of the crosslinking agent become reactive when the at least three blocked isocyanate groups are unblocked at an elevated temperature.
15. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 14 , wherein the at least three unblocked isocyanate groups are configured to react with hydroxyl groups of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
16. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprising at least three blocked isocyanate groups comprises a polyether aromatic polyurethane prepolymer having at least three oxime-blocked isocyanate groups.
17. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the blocking agent comprises an oxime containing blocking agent or an alcohol containing blocking agent.
18. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane has a weight average molecular weight in a range of 75,000 to 100,000.
19. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the isocyanate prepolymer has a weight average molecular weight in a range of 5,000-15,000.