DRILLING FLUID
Disclosed herein are drilling fluid compositions suitable for use, for example, in drilling a well bore through a subterranean formation and other oil and gas operations. The drilling fluid compositions of the present disclosure include the condensation product of a trifunctional amine and a fatty acid and an oil base fluid. The present disclosure also described processes for preparing drilling fluid compositions.
1 . A drilling fluid composition, comprising:
from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of a condensation product of a trifunctional amine and a fatty acid, wherein the weight ratio of the trifunctional amine to the fatty acid in the condensation product ranges from 0.1:1 to 10:1; and
an oil base fluid.
2 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the trifunctional amine to the fatty acid in the condensation product is from 0.3:1 to 2:1.
3 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the condensation product corresponds to Formula 1:
wherein R 1 is an alkyl group, alkene group, or alkyne group of 8 to 24 carbons,
R 2 is an alkyl group, alkene group, or alkyne group of 1 to 10 carbons,
R 3 is an alkyl group, alkene group, or alkyne group of 1 to 10 carbons,
R 4 is an amino group of 1 to 10 carbons.
4 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the condensation product corresponds to Formula 2b:
5 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the drilling fluid composition demonstrates a plastic viscosity greater than 15 cP at 25° C.
6 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the drilling fluid composition demonstrates a plastic viscosity greater than 10 cP at 80° C.
7 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the drilling fluid composition demonstrates a yield point greater than 15 lb/100 ft 2 at 25° C.
8 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the drilling fluid composition demonstrates a yield point greater than 10 lb/100 ft 2 at 80° C.
9 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the drilling fluid composition demonstrates a ratio of yield point to plastic viscosity less than 2.
10 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , further comprising a viscosity modifier, a pH modifier, a density modifier, a filtration modifier, an aqueous component, a shale inhibitor, or combinations thereof.
11 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the oil base fluid comprises a diesel oil, a mineral oil, a linear olefin, a linear paraffin, or combinations thereof.
12 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the trifunctional amine comprises from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
13 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the trifunctional amine has a chemical formula
C x H y (NH 2 ) 3 ,
wherein x is from 6 to 12; and
wherein y is less than or equal to 23.
14 . The drilling fluid composition of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid comprises palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, abietic acid, sapienic acid, palmitoleic acid, myristoleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, or tall oil, isomers thereof, or combinations thereof.
15 . A process for preparing a drilling fluid composition, comprising:
reacting a trifunctional amine and a fatty acid at a temperature of at least 100° C. for at least 10 hours to form a condensation product; and
adding the condensation product to an oil base fluid to form the drilling fluid composition;
wherein the condensation product comprises less than 15 wt. % impurities.
16 . The process of claim 15 , further comprising adding a viscosity modifier, a pH modifier, a density modifier, a filtration modifier, an aqueous component, a shale inhibitor, or combinations thereof to the oil base fluid.
17 . The process of claim 15 , wherein the oil base fluid comprises a diesel oil, a mineral oil, a linear olefin, a linear paraffin, or combinations thereof.
18 . The process of claim 15 , wherein the trifunctional amine comprises from 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
19 . The process of claim 15 , wherein the trifunctional amine has a chemical formula
C x H y (NH 2 ) 3 ,
wherein x is from 6 to 12; and
wherein y is less than or equal to 23.
20 . The process of claim 15 , wherein the fatty acid comprises palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, abietic acid, sapienic acid, palmitoleic acid, myristoleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, or tall oil, isomers thereof, or combinations thereof.