Surfactant-free filled polyurethane foam and method of making same
Polyurethane foams and methods of manufacturing are described herein. The foam can include (a) a polyurethane formed by the reaction of (i) one or more isocyanates selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, and (ii) one or more polyols; and (b) a filler. The amount of filler in the foam can be from 50 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the foam. The filler can include a plurality of fibers and/or a particulate filler. The polyurethane foams described herein are made without adding a surfactant to the reaction mixture. The density of the polyurethane foam can be at least 5 lb/ft 3 .
1. A filled polyurethane foam comprising:
polyurethane; and
from 50% to 80% by weight, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam, of an inorganic particulate filler comprising calcium carbonate, wherein the inorganic particulate filler has a multimodal particle size distribution having at least two modes including a first mode with a first median particle diameter and a second mode with a second median particle diameter different than the first median particle diameter, the first median particle diameter or the second median particle diameter being 45 microns or more and 100 microns or less; and
wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a flexural strength ranging from 400 psi to 1400 psi, a density ranging from 10 lb/ft 3 to 35 lb/ft 3 , or both a flexural strength ranging from 400 psi to 1400 psi and a density ranging from 10 lb/ft 3 to 35 lb/ft 3 .
2. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam further comprises from 3% to 5% by weight of a plurality of fibers, based on the total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
3. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of fibers includes a glass fibers, polyalkylene fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, phenol-formaldehyde fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polyacrylic fibers, acrylic polyester fibers, polyurethane fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, rayon fibers, cellulose fibers, carbon fibers, metal and metal-coated fibers, mineral fibers, or combinations thereof.
4. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of fibers have an average aspect ratio of length to diameter of 8:1 to 700:1.
5. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particulate filler is present in an amount from 70% to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
6. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the calcium carbonate has a median particle diameter greater than 45 μm.
7. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the first median particle diameter or the second median particle diameter of the inorganic particulate filler ranges from 5 microns to 15 microns.
8. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a compressive strength of 100 psi or greater.
9. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the filled polyurethane foam ranges from 0.125 inch to 1 inch.
10. A filled polyurethane foam comprising:
polyurethane; and
50% to 80% by weight of an inorganic particulate filler based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam, wherein the inorganic particulate filler comprises calcium carbonate and has a multimodal particle size distribution including a first mode with a median particle diameter greater than 45 microns and less than 100 microns, and a second mode with a second median particle diameter of 5 microns to 15 microns.
11. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 10 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a flexural strength ranging from 400 psi to 1400 psi.
12. A filled polyurethane foam comprising:
polyurethane;
from 50% to 80% by weight calcium carbonate, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam, wherein the calcium carbonate has a multimodal particle size distribution having at least two modes including a first mode with a first median particle diameter and a second mode with a second median particle diameter different than the first median particle diameter, the first median particle diameter or the second median particle diameter ranging from 80 microns to 100 microns; and
from 3% to 5% by weight fiber glass, based on a total weight of the filled polyurethane foam.
13. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein the filled polyurethane foam has a flexural strength ranging from 400 psi to 1400 psi.
14. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein the first median particle diameter or the second median particle diameter of the calcium carbonate ranges from 5 microns to 15 microns.
15. The filled polyurethane foam of claim 12 , wherein a thickness of the filled polyurethane foam ranges from 0.125 inch to 1 inch.