Electronic connection in an all-solid state battery at the anode/electrolyte interface
The present invention relates to a solid-state battery that is based on a phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte/anode connection that is chemically obtained. Such chemical connection process yields a solid electrolyte interphase that connects the solid-state battery's phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte and anode. Unlike other processes for forming solid-state electrolyte/anode connections, the present chemical process does not require that solid-state electrolyte be ductile and flow under high pressure.
1. A process of making a solid state battery comprising connecting a cathode comprising a surface layer and an interior region, said interior region comprising a phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte and said surface comprising a layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte; and an anode, said process comprising the steps of:
a) contacting said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte with a mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate;
b) allowing said mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate on said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte to dry at about 20° C. to about 25° C. for a time of from about 15 minutes to about 25 minutes;
c) contacting said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte with a mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate a second time;
d) contacting said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte, said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte comprising a coating comprising said mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate, with said lithium metal anode to form a solid-state battery comprising a lithium metal anode, solid-state electrolyte, and lithiated iron phosphate cathode, said solid-state battery comprising a solid electrolyte interphase that connects said lithium anode and phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte, said solid electrolyte interphase comprising lithium fluoride and an organic amorphous layer that are reaction products of said lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate; and
e) sealing said solid-state battery in a coin cell.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein:
a) said mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate comprises two moles of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide in dimethoxyethane about 80% by volume, to which is added 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, about 20% by volume and about 1 wt. % fluoroethylene carbonate;
b) said process comprises allowing said mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate on said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte to dry at about 22° C. to about 24° C. for a time of from about 18 minutes to about 22 minutes; and
c) said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte is contacted with said lithium metal anode within about one minute of the completion of Step c.
3. The process of claim 1 comprising
a) allowing said mixture of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, dimethoxyethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether and fluoroethylene carbonate on said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte to dry at about 23° C. for a time of about 20 minutes;
b) said cathode's surface layer of phthalocyanine solid-state electrolyte is contacted with said lithium metal anode between one minute and twenty minutes of the completion of Step c, and said contacting occurs at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 25° C.