Polarity Reversing Lead
A system, including: an implantable neural stimulator including electrodes, at least one antenna and an electrode interface; a radio-frequency (RF) pulse generator module comprising an antenna module configured to send an input signal to the antenna in the implantable neural stimulator through electrical radiative coupling, the input signal containing electrical energy and polarity assignment information that designates polarity assignments of the electrodes in the implantable neural stimulator; and wherein the implantable neural stimulator is configured to: control the electrode interface such that the electrodes have the polarity assignments designated by the polarity assignment information, create one or more electrical pulses suitable for modulation of neural tissue using the electrical energy contained in the input signal, and supply the electrical pulses to the electrodes through the electrode interface such that the electrodes apply the electrical pulses to the neural tissue with the polarity assignments designated by the polarity assignment information.
1 . A circuit for an implantable wirelessly powered device for implantation in a patient's body, the circuit comprising:
one or more antenna configured to receive an input RF signal from an external controller through electrical radiative coupling;
a radio-frequency (RF) to direct current (DC) rectifying circuit coupled to the one or more antenna on the implantable wirelessly powered device, the rectifying circuit configured to:
rectify the input RF signal received at the one or more antenna; and
convert the input RF signal to a direct current (DC) power to drive one or more electrodes;
a controller circuit connected to the rectifying circuit and the controller circuit coupled to one or more electrodes, the controller circuit configured to:
generate one or more electrical pulses using the converted DC power; and
steer, to each electrode, one or more electrical pulses to modulate neural tissue within the patient's body.
2 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the one or more antenna comprise one or more patch antenna, one or more slot antenna, or one or more dipole antenna.
3 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the controller circuit is configured to generate the one or more electrical pulses and characteristics of the one or more electrical pulses are represented by parameters included in the input RF signal.
4 . The circuit of claim 3 , wherein the parameters included in the input RF signal comprise one or more of pulse width, frequency, cycle timing, pulse shape, duration, and feedback sensitivity.
5 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the implantable wirelessly powered device comprises a power-on reset circuit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor stores a charge using a portion of electrical energy contained in the input RF signal, and wherein the capacitor is configured to energize the power-on reset circuit to reset contents of a register when the implantable wirelessly powered device loses power.
6 . The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising:
a charge balancing circuit connected to the rectifying circuit, the charge balancing circuit configured to:
generate the one or more electrical pulses such that the one or more electrical pulses result in a substantially zero net charge at the one or more electrodes.
7 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the implantable wirelessly powered device comprises the rectifying circuit coupled to a RC timer, wherein the rectifying circuit is configured to rectify the input RF signal received by the one or more antenna to generate the electrical pulses and the RC timer is configured to shape the one or more electrical pulses.
8 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the implantable wirelessly powered device comprises:
a current sensor configured to sense an amount of current in the one or more electrical pulses; and
a voltage sensor configured to sense a voltage in the one or more electrical pulses.
9 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the rectifying circuit comprises a diode bridge.
10 . The circuit of claim 9 , wherein the rectifying circuit comprises at least one full wave bridge rectifier, wherein the full wave bridge rectifier comprises a plurality of diodes.
11 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the input RF signal is modulated using a frequency in a range of 800 MHz to 6 GHz.
12 . The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the controller circuit comprises a current limiter, and the current limiter is configured to limit a characteristic of the one or more electrical pulses that are provided to the one or more electrodes so that a charge per phase is below a threshold level.
13 . A implantable device comprising:
one or more antenna configured to receive an input RF signal from an external controller through electrical radiative coupling;
a radio-frequency (RF) to direct current (DC) rectifying circuit coupled to the one or more antenna on the implantable device, the rectifying circuit configured to:
rectify the input RF signal received at the one or more antenna; and
convert the input RF signal to a direct current (DC) power to drive one or more electrodes;
a controller circuit connected to the rectifying circuit and the controller circuit coupled to one or more electrodes, the controller circuit configured to:
generate one or more electrical pulses using the converted DC power; and
steer, to each electrode, one or more electrical pulses to modulate neural tissue within a patient's body.
14 . The implantable device of claim 13 , wherein the one or more antenna comprise one or more patch antenna, one or more slot antenna, or one or more dipole antenna.
15 . The implantable device of claim 13 , wherein the controller circuit is configured to generate the one or more electrical pulses and characteristics of the one or more electrical pulses are represented by parameters included in the input RF signal.
16 . The implantable device of claim 15 , wherein the parameters included in the input RF signal comprise one or more of pulse width, frequency, cycle timing, pulse shape, duration, and feedback sensitivity.
17 . A system comprising:
a radio frequency (RF) pulse generator configured to generate an input RF signal for a circuit within a patient's body;
an external antenna assembly configured to (i) receive the generated input RF signal from the RF pulse generator and (ii) transmit the generated input RF signal to an implantable device; and
the implantable device, comprising:
one or more implantable antenna configured to receive an input RF signal from the external antenna assembly through electrical radiative coupling;
a radio-frequency (RF) to direct current (DC) rectifying circuit coupled to the one or more implantable antenna, the rectifying circuit configured to:
rectify the input RF signal received at the one or more implantable antenna; and
convert the input RF signal to a direct current (DC) power to drive one or more electrodes;
a controller circuit connected to the rectifying circuit and the controller circuit coupled to one or more electrodes, the controller circuit configured to:
generate one or more electrical pulses using the converted DC power; and
steer, to each electrode, one or more electrical pulses to modulate neural tissue within the patient's body.
18 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the one or more implantable antenna comprise one or more patch antenna, one or more slot antenna, or one or more dipole antenna.
19 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the controller circuit is configured to generate the one or more electrical pulses and characteristics of the one or more electrical pulses are represented by parameters included in the input RF signal.
20 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the external antenna assembly receives the generated input RF signal from the RF pulse generator via a wireless electrical connection or a wired electrical connection.