DETECTION OF ANTI-TNF ALPHA DRUG BIOLOGICS AND ANTI-DRUG ANTIBODIES
The disclosure provides fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays to detect the presence of anti-TNFα biologics and/or their autoantibodies in a patient sample to monitor TNFα inhibitor therapy and to guide treatment decisions.
1 . An assay method for detecting the presence or amount of an anti-TNFα drug in a sample, the method comprising:
contacting the sample with a TNFα with a first fluorophore;
contacting the sample with anti-drug antibody or Fab fragment labeled with a second fluorophore;
incubating the sample for a time sufficient to obtain a dual labeled anti-TNFα drug; and
exciting the sample have dual labeled anti-TNFα drug using a light source to detect a fluorescence emission signal associated with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample is contacted with a Fab fragment labeled with a second fluorophore.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first fluorophore is a donor and the second fluorophore is an acceptor.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first fluorophore is an acceptor and the second fluorophore is a donor.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the FRET emission signals are time resolved FRET emission signals.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample is a biological sample.
7 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein the biological sample is selected from the group consisting of whole blood, urine, a fecal specimen, plasma, and serum.
8 . The method according to claim 7 , wherein the biological sample is whole blood.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the donor fluorophore is a terbium cryptate.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acceptor fluorophore is selected from the group consisting of fluorescein-like (green zone), Cy5, DY-647, phycoerythrin, Alexa Fluor 488, Alexa Fluor 546, and Alexa Fluor 647.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the light source provides an excitation wavelength between about 300 nm to about 400 nm.
12 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorescence emission signals emit emission wavelengths that are between about 450 nm to 700 nm.
13 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the anti-TNFα drug is about 0.5 μm/mL to about 30 μm/mL.
14 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-TNFα drug is a member selected from the group consisting of REMICADE™ (infliximab), INFLECTRA (Infliximab-dyyb), RENFLEXIS (Infliximab-abda), FLIXABI (Infliximab Biosimilar), REMSIMA (Infliximab Biosimilar), ENBREL′ (etanercept), HUMIRA′ (adalimumab), AMJEVITA (Adalimumab-atto), IMRALDI (Adalimumab Biosimilar), CYLTEZO (Adalimumab Biosimilar), HYRIMOZ (Adalimumab Biosimilar), HULIO (Adalimumab Biosimilar), CIMZIA® (certolizumab pegol), and combinations thereof.
15 . An assay method for detecting the presence or amount of an anti-TNFα drug autoantibody (autoantibody) in a sample, the method comprising:
contacting the sample with a first labeled anti-TNFα drug or Fab fragment with a donor fluorophore;
contacting the sample with a second labeled anti-TNFα drug or Fab fragment with an acceptor fluorophore;
incubating the sample for a time sufficient to generate a ternary complex of the first labeled anti-TNFα drug with a donor fluorophore, the second labeled anti-TNFα drug or Fab fragment labeled with an acceptor fluorophore and the autoantibody; and
exciting the sample having the ternary complex using a light source to detect a fluorescence emission signal associated with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) when the donor fluorophore is excited.
16 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the FRET emission signals are time resolved FRET emission signals.
17 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the acceptor fluorophore is selected from the group consisting of fluorescein-like (green zone), Cy5, DY-647, phycoerythrin, Alexa Fluor 488, Alexa Fluor 546, and Alexa Fluor 647.
18 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the light source provides an excitation wavelength between about 300 nm to about 400 nm.
19 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the fluorescence emission signals emit emission wavelengths that are between about 450 nm to 700 nm.
20 . An assay method for detecting the presence or amount of an anti-TNFα drug in a sample, the method comprising:
contacting the sample with a complex comprising an anti-TNFα drug labeled with a first fluorophore and an isolated TNFα labeled with a second fluorophore, wherein the complex emits a fluorescence emission signal associated with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) when excited using a light source;
incubating the sample with the complex for a time sufficient for anti-TNFα drug in the sample to compete for binding to the anti-TNFα drug labeled with a first fluorophore; and exciting the sample using a light source to detect a fluorescence emission signal associated with FRET, wherein an absence of the fluorescence emission signal or a decrease in the fluorescence emission signal relative to the fluorescence emission signal initially emitted by the complex indicates the presence or amount of anti-TNFα drug in the sample.