Coke plant tunnel repair and anchor distribution
A coke plant includes multiple coke ovens where each coke oven is adapted to produce exhaust gases, a common tunnel fluidly connected to the plurality of coke ovens and configured to receive the exhaust gases from each of the coke ovens, multiple standard heat recovery steam generators fluidly connected to the common tunnel where the ratio of coke ovens to standard heat recovery steam generators is at least 20:1, and a redundant heat recovery steam generator fluidly connected to the common tunnel where any one of the plurality of standard heat recovery steam generators and the redundant heat recovery steam generator is adapted to receive the exhaust gases from the plurality of ovens and extract heat from the exhaust gases and where the standard heat recovery steam generators and the redundant heat recovery steam generator are all connected in parallel with each other.
1. A wall portion for a tunnel of a coke manufacturing plant, the wall portion comprising:
an outer wall portion forming a radially outermost portion of the wall portion;
a plurality of anchors connected to the outer wall portion and extending radially inward from the outer wall portion; and
a refractory material encapsulating the anchors;
wherein:
the anchors are arranged in a pattern on the outer wall portion such that a spacing between adjacent anchors reduces closer to a top-most portion of the outer wall portion as measured when the outer wall portion is installed on the tunnel.
2. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the anchors includes a plurality of prongs encapsulated by the refractory material.
3. The wall portion of claim 2 , wherein one or more of the prongs includes at least two bends.
4. The wall portion of claim 1 , further comprising a refractory backer board, wherein the anchors extend through the refractory backer board and the refractory board is positioned between the outer wall portion and the refractory material.
5. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein each of the anchors is constructed from steel, 310 steel, 330 steel, and/or ceramic materials.
6. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein the refractory material is at least one inch thick as measured normal to an inner surface of the outer wall portion.
7. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein the anchors are arranged in a staggered row pattern.
8. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein the anchors are arranged in a grid pattern.
9. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein a maximum spacing between anchors is less than twelve inches.
10. The wall portion of claim 1 , wherein the anchors are positioned only on an upper 120° arc portion of the tunnel when the wall portion is installed on the tunnel.
11. The replacement wall portion of claim 1 , wherein the replacement wall portion is configured to withstand temperature of up to 2200° F.
12. The replacement wall portion of claim 1 , further comprising a flexible seal around at least a portion of a perimeter of the replacement wall portion.
13. A method of manufacturing a tunnel in a coke plant, the method comprising:
forming an outer wall portion;
connecting a plurality of anchors to the outer wall portion, each anchor comprising a wall-attachment portion and an anchoring portion;
connecting the outer wall portion to an adjacent tunnel portion;
depositing a refractory material on an inner portion of the outer wall portion; and
sealing an edge of the outer wall portion with respect to the adjacent tunnel portion;
wherein:
the plurality of anchors are distributed in a pattern such that a maximum spacing between the anchors on an upper half of the outer wall portion is less than twelve inches; and
a minimum spacing between the anchors on the upper half of the outer wall portion is less than or equal to six inches.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein an area with highest anchor density is located at an uppermost portion of the outer wall portion as determined when the outer wall portion is connected to the adjacent tunnel portion.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein a majority of the anchors are distributed in a staggered row pattern on the outer wall portion.
16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising connecting a refractory backer board to the anchors before depositing the refractory material on the inner portion of the outer wall portion, wherein the refractory backer board is positioned between the outer wall portion and the refractory material after the refractory material is deposited.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein depositing the refractory material on the inner portion of the outer wall portion includes gunning the refractory material onto the inner portion of the outer wall portion.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein depositing the refractory material on the inner portion of the outer wall portion includes shotcreting the refractory material onto the inner portion of the outer wall portion.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the seal is flexible.
20. The method of claim 13 , wherein the refractory material is configured to withstand heats of at least 2200° F.
21. The method of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of anchors comprise one or more of steel, 304 steel, 310 steel, 316 steel, 330 steel, stainless steel, refractory materials, and/or ceramic materials.
22. The method of claim 13 , wherein one or more of the anchors comprises at least two anchoring prongs.
23. The method of claim 13 , further comprising coating an inner surface of the outer wall portion with a mastic or other corrosion-resistant material.
24. The method of claim 13 , further comprising welding the outer wall portion to the adjacent tunnel portion prior to depositing the refractory material on the inner portion of the outer wall portion.