Bio-based olefin oligomerization via chabazite zeolite catalyst
This present disclosure relates to catalytic processes for oligomerizing bio-based olefinic mixtures to higher value renewable fuels via a doped Chabazite zeolite catalyst. A stream including a C 2 -C 8 olefin and an oxygenate is fed to an oligomerization process utilizing a doped Chabazite zeolite catalyst resulting in high yields and selectivity of oligomers used to produce bio-based jet fuel and/or diesel fuels depending upon reaction temperatures and pressures. The process also produces iso-octane that is suitable for producing bio-based gasoline. The process tolerates relatively high levels of oxygenates in the olefinic feed and the catalyst is capable of air regeneration.
1. A process for converting one or more C 2 -C 8 linear or branched olefins derived from one or more C2-C5 alcohols to one or more C 8 -C 24 hydrocarbons, the process comprising:
contacting a feed stream comprising the one or more C 2 -C 8 linear or branched olefins and at least 1000 ppm of an oxygenate, with a Chabazite zeolite catalyst at a temperature of 150 to 200° C., a pressure of 200 to 300 psig and a WHSV of between 2 and 3.2; and
forming the one or more C 8 -C 24 hydrocarbons, wherein a yield of the one or more C 8 -C 24 hydrocarbons is at least 90% and a selectivity of C 8 to C 12 and larger oligomers is at least 0.35:1, wherein the oxygenate comprises water and at least one alcohol and the Chabazite zeolite catalyst comprises TiAPSO-34.
2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:
separating and/or blending the one or more C 8 -C 24 hydrocarbons to produce a renewable jet fuel or a renewable diesel fuel.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the one or more C2-C5 alcohols are bio-based and produced by fermentative processes.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream further consists of a non-fossil fuel and non-petroleum derived fuel, or a combination thereof.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream further comprises:
a recycled feed stream containing a portion of the one or more C 8 -C 24 hydrocarbons.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream comprises at least 100 ppm of water.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream comprises at least 1000 ppm of the one or more C 2 -C 5 alcohols.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the one or more C 2 -C 5 alcohols are C 4 alcohols.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the yield of the one or more C 8 -C 24 hydrocarbons are at least about 95%.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the Chabazite zeolite catalyst is regenerated in air every 5 to 20 days.
11. The process of claim 10 , wherein the Chabazite zeolite catalyst is regenerated at a temperature of 400 to 600° C.