Compositions and articles comprising complexes of 1-methylcyclopropene and α-cyclodextrin
Compositions comprising complexes of 1-methylcyclopropene and α-cyclodextrin, and articles including the composition, are provided. Methods for using the compositions and articles in delaying the maturation of fruits, vegetables, and plants are also provided.
1. A substrate comprising a surface comprising a composition,
wherein the composition comprises:
(i) a complex of 1-methylcyclopropene and α-cyclodextrin; and
(ii) a polymer binder selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl alcohol and copolymers thereof, polyvinyl acetate copolymers, and combinations thereof;
wherein the ratio of polymer binder to complex on a weight to weight basis ranges from about 1:2 to about 4:1;
wherein the polymer binder has a molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to about 15,000; and
wherein the composition is capable of releasing the 1-methylcyclopropene in the form of a gas when exposed to moisture.
2. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a second surface comprising an adhesive.
3. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of polymer binder to complex on a weight to weight basis is from about 1:2 to about 3:1.
4. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of polymer binder to complex on a weight to weight basis is from about 1:2 to about 2:1.
5. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of polymer binder to complex on a weight to weight basis is about 1:1.
6. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the polymer binder has a molecular weight of about 10,000.
7. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a hygroscopic agent.
8. The substrate of claim 7 , wherein the hygroscopic agent is selected from the group consisting of glycerol, glucose, and combinations thereof.
9. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a humidity-indicating dye.
10. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a paper substrate.
11. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a synthetic substrate.
12. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the 1-methylcyclopropene is present in the composition in an amount of from about 0.825 wt % to about 2.2 wt %.
13. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a release profile characterized in that when exposed at room temperature in a sealed vessel to conditions of 85% relative humidity, the composition releases substantially no 1-methylcyclopropene after a time period of at least 1 hour after exposure and thereafter continuously releases 1-methylcyclopropene for at least 5 hours after exposure.
14. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a release profile characterized in that when exposed at room temperature in a sealed vessel to conditions of 85% relative humidity, the composition releases substantially no 1-methylcyclopropene after 2 hours.
15. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a release profile characterized in that when exposed at room temperature in a sealed vessel to conditions of 85% relative humidity, the composition releases substantially no 1-methylcyclopropene after 3 hours.
16. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a release profile characterized in that when exposed at room temperature in a sealed vessel to conditions of 85% relative humidity, the composition releases substantially no 1-methylcyclopropene after a time period of at least 1 hour after exposure and thereafter continuously releases 1-methylcyclopropene for at least 24 hours after exposure.
17. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a release profile characterized in that when exposed at room temperature in a sealed vessel to conditions of 85% relative humidity, the composition releases substantially no 1-methylcyclopropene after a time period of at least 3 hours after exposure and thereafter continuously releases 1-methylcyclopropene for at least 24 hours after exposure.
18. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a release profile characterized in that when exposed in a sealed vessel to conditions of 80% relative humidity, the composition immediately releases 1-methylcyclopropene and thereafter continuously releases 1-methylcyclopropene for at least 96 hours after exposure.
19. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the wherein the 1-methylcyclopropene is present in the composition in an amount of from about 0.66 wt % to about 2.2 wt %.
20. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a cardboard substrate.