Methods for making and using endoxifen
The present disclosure provides industrially scalable methods of making (Z)-endoxifen or a salt thereof, crystalline forms of endoxifin, and compositions comprising them. The present disclosure also provides methods for treating hormone-dependent breast and hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorders.
1. An oral formulation comprising an endoxifen composition encapsulated in an enteric capsule, wherein the endoxifen composition comprises a compound of Formula (III):
wherein at least 90% by weight of the compound of Formula (III) is (Z)-endoxifen.
2. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the oral formulation is a delayed-release formulation.
3. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the enteric capsule is uncoated.
4. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the enteric capsule further comprises an enteric coating.
5. The oral formulation of claim 1 , formulated such that the oral formulation is resistant to dissolution in an acidic environment for at least 2 hours, as measured in a dissolution test performed according to a method of USP 711.
6. The oral formulation of claim 1 , formulated such that the oral formulation releases no more than 10% of the (Z)-endoxifen over 2 hours in gastric fluid, as measured in a dissolution test performed according to a method of USP 711.
7. The oral formulation of claim 1 , formulated such that the oral formulation releases at least 50% of the (Z)-endoxifen within 8 hours in intestinal fluid, as measured in a dissolution test performed according to a method of USP 711.
8. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the enteric capsule comprises hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
9. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the endoxifen composition further comprises a filler.
10. The oral formulation of claim 9 , wherein the filler comprises talc, calcium carbonate, a sugar, a salt, microcrystalline cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, kaolin, mannitol, silicic acid, sorbitol, starch, pregelatinized starch, or combinations thereof.
11. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the endoxifen composition further comprises a disintegrant.
12. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the endoxifen composition further comprises a lubricant.
13. The oral formulation of claim 12 , wherein the lubricant comprises calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, mineral oil, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, polyethylene glycol, stearic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate, talc, hydrogenated vegetable oil, ethyl oleate, ethyl laureate, agar, or combinations thereof.
14. The oral formulation of claim 1 , wherein the endoxifen composition comprises from 0.01 mg to 200 mg (Z)-endoxifen per enteric capsule.
15. A method of delivering (Z)-endoxifen to a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an oral formulation comprising an endoxifen composition encapsulated in an enteric capsule, wherein the endoxifen composition comprises a compound of Formula (III):
wherein at least 90% by weight of the compound of Formula (III) is (Z)-endoxifen.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising releasing no more than 10% of the (Z)-endoxifen in a stomach of the subject within 2 hours following administration.
17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising releasing at least 50% of the (Z)-endoxifen in a small intestine of the subject within 8 hours following administration.
18. The method of claim 15 , further comprising producing an area under curve (AUC 0-inf ) of (Z)-endoxifen in the subject of from 200 hr*ng/mL to 10,000 hr*ng/mL per 4 mg of (Z)-endoxifen administered.
19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising producing a maximum blood plasma concentration (C max ) of (Z)-endoxifen in the subject of from 14 ng/mL to 62 ng/mL per 4 mg of (Z)-endoxifen administered.
20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising treating a hormone-dependent breast disorder or a hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorder in the subject.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the hormone-dependent breast disorder or the hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorder is a benign breast disorder, hyperplasia, atypia, atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, increased breast density, gynecomastia, ductal carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma in situ, breast cancer, precocious puberty, McCune-Albright Syndrome, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, cervical cancer, vaginal cancer, or vulvar cancer.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the hormone-dependent breast disorder or the hormone-dependent reproductive tract disorder is tamoxifen-refractory or tamoxifen resistant.