Lithium-ion battery and apparatus
This application provides a lithium-ion battery and an apparatus. The lithium-ion battery includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. A positive active material of the positive electrode plate includes Li x1 Co y1 M 1-y1 O 2-z1 Q z1 , where 0.5≤x1≤1.2, 0.8≤y1≤1.0, 0≤z1≤0.1, M is selected from one or more of Al, Ti, Zr, Y, and Mg, and Q is selected from one or more of F, Cl, and S. The electrolyte contains an additive A that is a polynitrile six-membered nitrogen-heterocyclic compound with a relatively low oxidation potential. The lithium-ion battery has superb cycle performance and storage performance, especially under high-temperature and high-voltage conditions.
1. A lithium-ion battery, comprising an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, wherein the electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator, wherein
a positive active material of the positive electrode plate comprises Li x1 Co y1 M 1-y1 O 2-z1 Q z1 , where 0.5≤x1≤1.2, 0.8≤y1≤1.0, 0≤z1≤0.1, M is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Zr, Y, and Mg, and Q is one or more selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, and S;
the electrolyte contains an additive A represented by Formula I-2 in an amount of 0.1%-10% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte; and
in the Formula 1-2, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 linear or branched alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C7 cyclic alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C3 amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C3 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C3 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C8 aryl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C7 heterocyclic group, wherein a substituent group is one or more selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms; x and y each are independently selected from 0, 1, or 2; and m and n each are independently selected from 1 or 2.
2. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte contains the additive A is in amount of 0.1%-6% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
3. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte contains the additive A in amount of 0.1%-3.5% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
4. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein at least two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are the same groups.
5. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 4 , wherein the at least two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are hydrogen atoms.
6. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein at least three of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are the same groups.
7. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 6 , wherein the at least three of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are hydrogen atoms.
8. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the additive A is one or more selected from the group consisting of the following compounds:
9. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further contains an additive B that is LiBF 4 , and the electrolyte contains the additive B in an amount of 0.1%-10% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
10. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 9 , wherein the electrolyte contains the additive B in amount of 0.1%-5% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
11. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 9 , wherein the electrolyte further contains an additive C that is one or more selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and 1,3-propane sultone, and the electrolyte contains the additive C in an amount of 0.1%-10% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
12. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 11 , wherein the electrolyte contains the additive C in amount of 0.1%-5% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
13. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte further contains an additive C that is one or more selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and 1,3-propane sultone, and the electrolyte contains the additive C in an amount of 0.1%-10% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
14. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 13 , wherein the electrolyte contains the additive C in amount of 0.1%-5% by mass based on the total mass of the electrolyte.
15. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium-ion battery is a hard-shell lithium-ion battery or a soft-package lithium-ion battery.
16. The lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 , wherein an end-of-charge voltage of the lithium-ion battery is not less than 4.2 V and not greater than 4.35 V.
17. An apparatus, comprising the lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 .