Low temperature CO oxidation catalyst
The present disclosure is directed to a low temperature carbon monoxide (LT-CO) oxidation catalyst composition for abatement of exhaust gas emissions from a lean burn engine. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition includes an oxygen storage component (OSC), a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, and a promoter metal, wherein the OSC is impregnated with the first PGM component and the promoter metal and the LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition is effective for oxidizing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) under cold start conditions. Further provided are catalytic articles including the LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition, which may optionally further include a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) composition (giving an LT-CO/DOC article). Further provided is an exhaust gas treatment system including such catalytic articles, and methods for reducing a HC or CO level in an exhaust gas stream using such catalytic articles.
1. A low temperature carbon monoxide (LT-CO) oxidation catalyst composition for abatement of exhaust gas emissions from a lean burn engine, the LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition comprising:
an oxygen storage component (OSC) comprising ceria; a first platinum group metal (PGM) component selected from palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), and combinations thereof; and
a first promoter metal selected from tin (Sn) or an oxide thereof;
wherein the OSC is impregnated with the first PGM component and the first promoter metal;
wherein the first promoter metal is present in an amount ranging from about 1% by weight to about 4% by weight of the OSC alone, calculated on a metal oxide basis; and
wherein the LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition is effective for oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons under cold start conditions.
2. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the first PGM component is present in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 10% by weight of the OSC alone.
3. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the OSC comprises a rare earth metal oxide in an amount ranging from about 0.1 weight percent to about 100 weight percent, based on the total weight of the OSC alone.
4. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , wherein the first PGM component is present at about 2 wt % and the Sn is present at about 1 wt %.
5. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , further comprising a first refractory metal oxide chosen from alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, yttria, and combinations thereof.
6. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , further comprising a first zeolite chosen from one or more small pore zeolites having a 6- to 8-membered ring structure and one or more medium or large pore zeolites having a 10- to 12-membered ring structure.
7. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 6 , wherein the one or more small pore zeolites are chosen from chabazite, zeolite A, and combinations thereof and the one or more medium or large pore zeolites are chosen from beta zeolite, Y zeolite, ferrierite, ZSM-5, and combinations thereof.
8. The LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 , further comprising an alkaline earth metal component chosen from an oxide of magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium or a combination thereof.
9. A catalytic article comprising:
a substrate having an inlet end and an outlet end defining an overall length; and
a first washcoat comprising the LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition of claim 1 disposed on at least a portion of the substrate.
10. The catalytic article of claim 9 , wherein the first washcoat is present on the substrate with a loading of at least about 0.5 g/in 3 .
11. The catalytic article of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is a honeycomb substrate in the form of a wall-flow filter or a flow-through monolith.
12. The catalytic article of claim 9 , wherein the cold start conditions comprise an exhaust gas temperature that is below about 150° C.
13. The catalytic article of claim 9 , further comprising a hydrocarbon (HC) trap composition, a low temperature NO x adsorber (LT-NA) composition, or a lean NO x trap (LNT) composition.
14. A catalytic article comprising:
a substrate having an inlet end and an outlet end defining an overall length,
a first washcoat comprising an LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition disposed on at least a portion of the substrate, and
a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) composition, the DOC composition comprising:
a second washcoat comprising a second zeolite, wherein the second zeolite is impregnated with a second PGM component; and
a third washcoat comprising a third zeolite and a second refractory metal oxide, wherein the third zeolite, the second refractory metal oxide, or both, are impregnated with a third PGM component;
wherein the low temperature carbon monoxide (LT-CO) oxidation catalyst composition comprises:
an oxygen storage component (OSC); a first platinum group metal (PGM) component; and
a first promoter metal;
wherein the OSC is impregnated with the first PGM component and the first promoter metal; and wherein the LT-CO oxidation catalyst composition is effective for oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons under cold start conditions.
15. The catalytic article of claim 14 , wherein the second refractory metal oxide is impregnated with a second promoter metal.
16. The catalytic article of claim 14 , wherein the second PGM component and the third PGM component independently comprise Pt, Pd, or a combination thereof.
17. The catalytic article of claim 14 , wherein the second zeolite and the third zeolite each comprise a hydrothermally stable zeolite in the form of a 6- to 12- membered ring structure independently chosen from ZSM-5, beta, mordenite, Y zeolite, chabazite, ferrierite, and combinations thereof.
18. The catalytic article of claim 14 , wherein the first, second and third washcoats of the catalytic article are layered or zoned.
19. The catalytic article of claim 18 , having a zoned configuration, wherein the first washcoat is disposed on the substrate from either the inlet end or the outlet end to a length of from about 10% to about 90% of the overall length; the second washcoat is disposed on the substrate from either the inlet end or the outlet end to a length from about 90% to about 10% of the overall length; and the third washcoat is coated on top of the first washcoat and the second washcoat.
20. The catalytic article of claim 18 , wherein the first washcoat further comprises a small pore zeolite, a large pore zeolite, an alkaline earth metal component, or a combination thereof.
21. An exhaust gas treatment system for treatment of a lean burn engine exhaust gas stream comprising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, the exhaust gas treatment system comprising:
a lean burn engine producing an exhaust gas stream;
an exhaust conduit in fluid communication with the lean burn engine via an exhaust manifold; and
the catalytic article of claim 9 positioned downstream from the lean burn engine and in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream.
22. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 21 , further comprising one or more additional components chosen from a soot filter, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, a urea injection component, an ammonia oxidation (AMOx) catalyst, a low-temperature NO x absorber (LT-NA), and a lean NO x trap (LNT).
23. A method for treating a lean burn engine exhaust gas stream, the method comprising contacting the exhaust gas stream with the catalytic article of claim 9 .
24. A method for reducing CO and/or HC levels in an exhaust gas stream, the method comprising contacting the exhaust gas stream with the catalytic article of claim 9 , for a time and at a temperature sufficient to reduce the levels of CO and/or HC in the gas stream.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the CO and/or HC levels in the exhaust gas stream are reduced by at least 30% compared to the CO and/or HC levels in the gas stream prior to contact with the catalytic article.