IMPROVED METHODS FOR CONVERTING CANNABIDIOL INTO DELTA8-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL
Disclosed herein a method for converting (cannabidiol) CBD into a composition comprising Δ 8 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 8 -THC) and Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC), in which the composition has a Δ 8 -THC:Δ 9 -THC ratio that is greater than 1.0:1.0. The method comprises contacting the CBD with a Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent under protic, aprotic, or neat reaction conditions comprising: (i) a reaction temperature that is greater than a threshold reaction temperature for the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent and the solvent system; and (ii) a reaction time that is greater than a threshold reaction time for the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent, the solvent system, and the reaction temperature.
1 .- 48 . (canceled)
49 . A method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) into Δ 8 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 8 -THC), the method comprising contacting the CBD with a Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent, optionally in an aprotic-solvent system, wherein the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent is an ion-exchange resin other than Amberlyst-15 or Nafion-SAC-13.
50 . The method of claim 49 , wherein ion-exchange resin is an Amberlyst polymeric resin which is Amberlyst-16, 31, 33, 35, 36, 39, 46, 70, CH10, CH28, CH43 or M-31, or a H + or Na + form thereof, or any combination thereof.
51 . The method of claim 49 , wherein the ion-exchange resin is a Nafion polymeric resin which is Nafion-NR50, N115, N117, N324, N424 or N1110, or a H + or Na + form thereof, or any combination thereof.
52 . The method of claim 49 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system is present.
53 . The method of claim 52 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system comprises dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, toluene, pentane, heptane, hexane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, anisole, butyl acetate, cumene, ethyl formate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, propyl acetate, cyclohexane, para-xylene, meta-xylene, ortho-xylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, or any combination thereof.
54 . The method of claim 52 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system is heptane.
55 . The method of claim 49 , wherein the Δ 8 -THC is a component of a composition that further comprises Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC), and wherein the composition has a Δ 8 -THC:Δ 9 -THC ratio that is greater than 1.0:1.0.
56 . A method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) into Δ 8 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 8 -THC), the method comprising contacting the CBD with a Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent, optionally in an aprotic-solvent system,
wherein the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent is a microporous silicate, and
wherein the Δ 8 -THC is a component of a composition that further comprises Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC), and wherein the composition has a Δ 8 -THC:Δ 9 -THC ratio that is greater than 1.0:1.0.
57 . The method of claim 56 , wherein the microporous silicate other than Zeolite Y, Zeolite Beta, SAPO-11 or SAPO-11.
58 . The method of claim 56 , wherein the microporous silicate is a zeolite which is ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, SAPO-34, SSZ-13, TS-1, X-type, Linde type A, Linde type L, Linde type X, or Linde type Y, or a H+ or Na+ form thereof, or any combination thereof.
59 . The method of claim 56 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system is present.
60 . The method of claim 59 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system comprises dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, toluene, pentane, heptane, hexane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, anisole, butyl acetate, cumene, ethyl formate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, propyl acetate, cyclohexane, para-xylene, meta-xylene, ortho-xylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, or any combination thereof.
61 . The method of claim 59 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system is heptane.
62 . A method for converting cannabidiol (CBD) into Δ 8 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 8 -THC), the method comprising contacting the CBD with a Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent, optionally in an aprotic-solvent system, wherein the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent is a mesoporous silicate or a phyllosilicate.
63 . The method of claim 62 , wherein the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent is the mesoporous silicate, and the mesoporous silicate is Al-MCM-41, MCM-41, MCM-48, SBA-15, SBA-16, KIT-5, KIT-6, FDU-12, or any combination thereof.
64 . The method of claim 62 , wherein the Lewis-acidic heterogeneous reagent is the phyllosilicate, and the phyllosilicate is Faujasite, Mordenite, Ferrierite, Montmorillonite K10, Montmorillonite K20, Montmorillonite K30, Montmorillonite KSF, Clayzic, or bentonite, or any combination thereof.
65 . The method of claim 64 , wherein the phyllosilicate is Montmorillonite K10, Montmorillonite K20, Montmorillonite K30 or Montmorillonite KSF.
66 . The method of claim 62 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system is present.
67 . The method of claim 66 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system comprises dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, toluene, pentane, heptane, hexane, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, anisole, butyl acetate, cumene, ethyl formate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, propyl acetate, cyclohexane, para-xylene, meta-xylene, ortho-xylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, or any combination thereof.
68 . The method of claim 66 , wherein the aprotic-solvent system is heptane.
69 . The method of claim 62 , wherein the Δ 8 -THC is a component of a composition that further comprises Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC), and wherein the composition has a Δ 8 -THC:Δ 9 -THC ratio that is greater than 1.0:1.0.