System comprising vehicular compression ignition engine and an emissions control device comprising an electrically heatable element
A system ( 2 ) comprising (i) a vehicular compression ignition engine ( 1 ) comprising one or more engine cylinders and one or more electronically-controlled fuel injectors therefor; (ii) an exhaust line ( 3 ) for the engine comprising: a first emissions control device ( 5 ) comprising a first honeycomb substrate, which comprises a hydrocarbon adsorbent component; and a second emissions control device ( 7 ) comprising an electrically heatable element ( 7 a ) and a catalysed second honeycomb substrate ( 7 b ), which comprises a rhodium-free platinum group metal (PGM) comprising platinum, wherein the electrically heatable element ( 7 a ) is disposed upstream from the catalysed second honeycomb substrate ( 7 b ) and wherein both the electrically heatable element ( 7 a ) and the catalysed second honeycomb substrate ( 7 b ) are disposed downstream from the first honeycomb substrate; a third emissions control device ( 22 ), which is a third honeycomb substrate comprising an ammonia-selective catalytic reduction catalyst disposed downstream from the second emissions control device ( 7 ); and one or more temperature sensors located: upstream of the electrically heatable element and/or upstream of the first honeycomb substrate; and between the electrically heatable element ( 7 a ) and the catalysed second honeycomb substrate ( 7 b ); and (iii) an engine control unit ( 20 ) comprising a central processing unit pre-programmed, when in use, to control both a heating activation state of the electrically heatable element ( 7 a ); an injection timing strategy of the one or more electronically-controlled fuel injector to increase the temperature of at least the first emissions control device following key-on/cold-starting a vehicle comprising the system, wherein the one or more temperature sensors are electrically connected to the engine control unit for feedback control in the system.
1. A method for treating an exhaust gas stream containing unburned hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) emitted from a vehicular compression ignition engine following key-on/cold-start, which method comprising the steps of:
a. post-injecting hydrocarbons in one or more cylinders of the engine to raise the temperature of the first honeycomb substrate immediately following key-on/cold start;
b. adsorbing unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas stream from step a onto a hydrocarbon adsorbent component of a first honeycomb substrate at temperatures at or below a low temperature and simultaneously oxidising nitrogen monoxide (NO) in the exhaust gas stream to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) on a catalysed second honeycomb substrate disposed downstream from the first honeycomb substrate, wherein the catalysed second honeycomb substrate comprises a rhodium-free platinum group metal (PGM) comprising platinum;
c. thermally desorbing hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon adsorbent component of the first honeycomb substrate at a temperature above the low temperature;
d. heating an electrically heatable element disposed downstream from the first honeycomb substrate to heat the catalysed second honeycomb substrate disposed downstream from the electrically heatable element to a temperature at or above the unburned hydrocarbon oxidation light-off temperature (T 50 ) of the catalysed second honeycomb substrate;
e. catalytically converting the desorbed unburned hydrocarbons on the catalysed second honeycomb substrate; and
f. introducing a nitrogenous reductant and/or a precursor therefor into the exhaust gas stream downstream from the second catalysed honeycomb substrate and converting NO x in the exhaust gas stream containing ammonia with third honeycomb substrate comprising an ammonia-selective catalytic reduction catalyst.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the low temperature is within the range of about 200° C. to about 250° C.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrically heatable element heats the catalysed second honeycomb substrate at least during periods when the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet to the first honeycomb substrate is below the low temperature.
4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of combusting hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas by after-injecting hydrocarbons in one or more cylinders of the engine on one or more rhodium-free PGM of the first honeycomb substrate to increase temperature in the catalysed second honeycomb substrate and/or any emissions control device downstream of the catalysed second honeycomb substrate.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the step of combusting hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas by after-injecting hydrocarbons in one or more cylinders of the engine is done after the completion of step d.