Thin electrically conductive film
A transparent, electrically-conductive film and associated method of making the transparent, electrically-conductive film. The transparent, electrically-conductive film includes a substrate, a percolating network of nanostructures establishing electrical conductivity across a region of the substrate, and an overcoat matrix coated onto the substrate. The nanostructures have an average diameter value. The percolating network of nanostructures is located within the overcoat matrix. The overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures therein have an overall thickness that is less than four times the average diameter value of the nanostructures.
1. A transparent, electrically-conductive film comprising:
a substrate;
a percolating network of nanostructures establishing electrical conductivity across a region of the substrate, the nanostructures having an average diameter value; and
an overcoat matrix coated onto the substrate, the percolating network of nanostructures located within the overcoat matrix, the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures therein having an overall thickness that is less than four times the average diameter value of the nanostructures,
wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is in a range of 40 to 80 nanometers, and
wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is sufficient to establish a failure voltage of at least 1350 V for a film sheet resistance of 50 ohm/sq or higher.
2. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 1 , wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is less than two times the average diameter value.
3. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 1 , wherein the average diameter value is approximately 20 nm.
4. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 3 , wherein the overcoat matrix is from a binder material carrying the nanostructures and an overcoat material, and the overcoat material includes a solvent and the binder material carrying the nanostructures is at least partially soluble by the solvent.
5. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 1 , wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is sufficient to establish a contact resistance of less than 150 Ohms between the percolating network of nanostructures and a metal contact having a contact area of approximately one one-hundredth square millimeters (0.01 mm 2 ) or larger.
6. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 1 , wherein the overcoat matrix is from a binder material carrying the nanostructures and an overcoat material.
7. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 6 , wherein the overcoat material includes a solvent and the binder material carrying the nanostructures is at least partially soluble by the solvent.
8. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 7 , wherein the overcoat matrix includes a resultant of materials from the binder material and the overcoat material.
9. A method of making a transparent, electrically-conductive film, the method comprising:
providing a substrate;
providing a percolating network of nanostructures establishing electrical conductivity across a region of the substrate, the nanostructures having an average diameter value; and
providing an overcoat matrix coated onto the substrate, the percolating network of nanostructures being located within the overcoat matrix, the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures therein having an overall thickness that is less than four times the average diameter value of the nanostructures,
wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is in a range of 40 to 80 nanometers, and
wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is sufficient to establish a failure voltage of at least 1350 V for a film sheet resistance of 50 ohm/sq or higher.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is less than two times the average diameter value.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the average diameter value is approximately 20 nm.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overcoat matrix is from a binder material carrying the nanostructures and an overcoat material, and the overcoat material includes a solvent and the binder material carrying the nanostructures is at least partially soluble by the solvent.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is sufficient to establish a contact resistance of less than 150 Ohms between the percolating network of nanostructures and a metal contact having a contact area of approximately one one-hundredth square millimeters (0.01 mm 2 ) or larger.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overcoat matrix is from a binder material carrying the nanostructures and an overcoat material.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overcoat material includes a solvent and the binder material carrying the nanostructures is at least partially soluble by the solvent.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the step of providing an overcoat matrix is such that the overcoat matrix includes a resultant of materials from the binder material and the overcoat material.
17. A transparent, electrically-conductive film comprising:
a substrate;
a percolating network of nanostructures establishing electrical conductivity across a region of the substrate, the nanostructures having an average diameter value; and
an overcoat matrix coated onto the substrate, the percolating network of nanostructures located within the overcoat matrix, the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures therein having an overall thickness that is less than four times the average diameter value of the nanostructures,
wherein the average diameter value is approximately 20 nm and the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is less than 80 nm, and
wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is sufficient to establish a failure voltage of at least 1350 V for a film sheet resistance of 50 ohm/sq or higher.
18. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 17 , wherein the overcoat matrix is from a binder material carrying the nanostructures and an overcoat material, and the overcoat material includes a solvent and the binder material carrying the nanostructures is at least partially soluble by the solvent.
19. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 17 , wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is less than two times the average diameter value.
20. The transparent, electrically-conductive film of claim 17 , wherein the overall thickness of the overcoat matrix and the percolating network of nanostructures is sufficient to establish a contact resistance of less than 150 Ohms between the percolating network of nanostructures and a metal contact having a contact area of approximately one one-hundredth square millimeters (0.01 mm 2 ) or larger.