Metal complexes
The present invention relates to metal complexes and electronic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices, containing said metal complexes.
1. A compound of formula (1)
M(L) n (L′) m Formula (1)
containing a substructure M(L) n of the formula (2):
where the symbols and indices used are as follows:
M is iridium or platinum;
D is C or N, where one D is C and the other D is N;
X is the same or different at each instance and is CR or N;
R is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R 1 ) 2 , CN, NO 2 , OR 1 , SR 1 , COOR 1 , C(═O)N(R 1 ) 2 , Si(R 1 ) 3 , B(OR 1 ) 2 , C(═O)R 1 , P (=O) (R 1 ) 2 , S(═O)R 1 , S(═O) 2 R 1 , OSO 2 R 1 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group may in each case be substituted by one or more R 1 radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH 2 groups may be replaced by Si(R 1 ) 2 , C═O, NR 1 , O, S or CONR 1 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more R 1 radicals; optionally, two R radicals together may form an aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system;
R 1 is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, N(R 2 ) 2 , CN, NO 2 , OR 2 , SR 2 , Si(R 2 ) 3 , B(OR 2 ) 2 , C(═O)R 2 , P(=O)(R 2 ) 2 , S(═O) 2 R 2 , S(═O) 2 R 2 , OSO 2 R 2 , a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group may each be substituted by one or more R 2 radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH 2 groups may be replaced by Si(R 2 ) 2 , C═O, NR 2 , O, S or CONR 2 and where one or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I or CN, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R 2 radicals; optionally, two or more R 1 radicals together may form an aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system;
R 2 is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, F, CN or an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic organic radical, in which one or more hydrogen atoms may also be replaced by F;
L′ is the same or different at each instance and is a ligand;
n is 1, 2 or 3;
m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
optionally, L and one or more of L and L′ may join together by a single bond or a bivalent or trivalent bridge, thus forming a tridentate, tetradentate, pentadentate or hexadentate ligand system.
2. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the unit of the formula (2) is selected from the structures of the formula (3)
3. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the unit of the formula (2) is selected from the structures of the formulae (3a) to (3f) and (4a) to (4f),
4. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the unit of the formula (2) is selected from the structures of the formulae (3a-1) to (4f-1):
where R′ has the same definitions as R, where at least one substituent R′ is not H or D.
5. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the unit of the formula (2) is selected from the structures of the formulae (3a-2) to (4a-6):
6. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein R is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, Br, I, N(R 1 ) 2 , CN, Si(R 1 ) 3 , B(OR 1 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R 1 radicals, where one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by D or F, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R 1 radicals; optionally, two adjacent R radicals together may form an aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system.
7. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the structures of the formulae (12) to (15):
8. The compound as claimed in claim 7 , wherein V in the compounds of the formulae (12) and (13) is a group of the formula (26), where the dotted bonds represent the position of the linkage of the sub-ligands L and L′:
where:
X 1 is the same or different at each instance and is CR or N;
X 2 is the same or different at each instance and is CR or N;
A is the same or different at each instance and is CR 2 —CR 2 , CR 2 —O, CR 2 —NR, C(═O)—O, C(═O)—NR or a group of the following formula (27):
where the dotted bond in each case represents the position of the bond of the bidentate sub-ligands L or L′ to this structure, * represents the position of the linkage of the unit of the formula (27) to the central trivalent aryl or heteroaryl group.
9. The compound as claimed in claim 7 , wherein V in the compounds of the formulae (12) and (13) represents a structure of one of the formulae (36) to (39):
10. The compound as claimed in claim 1 , wherein L′ is the same or different at each instance and is a bidentate monoanionic ligand.
11. A process for preparing the compound as claimed in claim 1 which comprises reacting the ligands L and optionally L′ with metal alkoxides of the formula (79), with metal ketoketonates of the formula (80), with metal halides of the formula (81), with dimeric metal complexes of the formula (82) or with metal complexes of the formula (83):
where Hal=F, Cl, Br or I, L″ is an alcohol or a nitrile and (Anion) is a non-coordinating anion.
12. A formulation comprising at least one compound as claimed in claim 1 and at least one further compound and/or at least one solvent.
13. An electronic device comprising at least one compound as claimed in claim 1 .
14. An organic electroluminescent device which comprises the compound as claimed in claim 1 is used as an emitting compound in one or more emitting layers in combination with one or more matrix materials.