Methane rich gas upgrading to methanol
A method for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol, including the steps of: providing a hydrocarbon feed gas; optionally, purifying the hydrocarbon feed gas in a gas purification unit; optionally, prereforming the hydrocarbon feed gas together with a steam feedstock in a prereforming unit; carrying out steam methane reforming in a reforming reactor heated by means of an electrical power source; providing the synthesis gas to a methanol synthesis unit to provide a product including methanol and an off-gas. Also, a system for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol.
1. A method for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol, comprising the steps of:
a1) providing a hydrocarbon feed gas,
b1) optionally, providing CO 2 to the process,
b2) optionally, purifying the hydrocarbon feed gas in a gas purification unit,
b3) optionally, prereforming the hydrocarbon feed gas together with a steam feedstock in a prereforming unit,
c) carrying out steam methane reforming in a reforming reactor comprising a pressure shell housing a structured catalyst arranged to catalyze steam reforming of said hydrocarbon feed gas, said structured catalyst comprising a macroscopic structure of an electrically conductive material, said macroscopic structure supporting a ceramic coating, where said ceramic coating supports a catalytically active material; said steam methane reforming comprising the following steps:
c1) supplying said hydrocarbon feed gas to the reforming reactor,
c2) allowing the hydrocarbon feed gas to undergo steam methane reforming reaction over the structured catalyst and outletting a synthesis gas from the reforming reactor, and
c3) supplying electrical power via electrical conductors connecting an electrical power supply placed outside said pressure shell to said structured catalyst, allowing an electrical current to run through said macroscopic structure material, thereby heating at least part of the structured catalyst to a temperature of at least 500° C.,
d) providing at least part of the synthesis gas from step c2) to a methanol synthesis unit to provide a product comprising methanol and an off-gas.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical power supplied is generated by means of renewable energy sources.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein an electrolysis unit is used to generate a hydrogen rich stream from a water feedstock and where said hydrogen rich stream is added to the synthesis gas to balance the module of said synthesis gas to be in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the electrolysis unit is a solid oxide electrolysis cell unit and said water feedstock is in the form of steam produced from other processes of the method.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a membrane unit is included in the methanol synthesis unit to extract at least a part of the carbon containing molecules from said off-gas and return said at least part of the carbon containing molecules from said off-gas to the synthesis gas to balance the module of the synthesis gas to be in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a combination of steam superheating and steam generation is integrated in waste heat recovery of said synthesis gas from the reforming reactor, and wherein the superheated steam is used as steam feedstock in step c) of the method for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure of the gas inside said reforming reactor is between 20 and 100 bar.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the gas exiting said reforming reactor is between 90° and 1150° C.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the space velocity evaluated as flow of gas relative to the geometric surface area of the structured catalyst is between 0.6 and 60 Nm 2 /m 2 /h and/or wherein the flow of gas relative to the occupied volume of the structured catalyst is between 700 Nm 3 /m 3 /h and 70000 Nm 3 /m 3 /h.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the plot area of said reforming reactor is between 0.4 m 2 and 4 m 2 .
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the production of methanol is regulated according to availability of renewable energy.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises the step of upgrading the methanol to fuel grade methanol.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises the step of upgrading the methanol to chemical grade methanol.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises the step of using at least part of the methanol of step d) to a system for producing transportation fuel.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the off-gas is recycled to upstream the reforming reactor.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein between 80% and 100% of the carbon in the hydrocarbon feed gas is converted into methanol.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon feed gas amounts to 500 Nm 3 /h to 8000 Nm 3 /h.
18. A system for upgrading hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol, comprising:
an optional gas purification unit,
an optional prereforming unit,
a reforming reactor comprising a pressure shell housing a structured catalyst arranged to catalyze steam reforming of a feed gas comprising hydrocarbons, said structured catalyst comprising a macroscopic structure of an electrically conductive material, said macroscopic structure supporting a ceramic coating, where said ceramic coating supports a catalytically active material; wherein the reforming reactor moreover comprises an electrical power supply placed outside said pressure shell and electrical conductors connecting said electrical power supply to said structured catalyst, allowing an electrical current to run through said macroscopic structure material to thereby heat at least part of the structured catalyst to a temperature of at least 500° C.,
a methanol synthesis unit arranged to receive at least part of the synthesis gas from said reforming reactor and produce a product comprising methanol and an off-gas.
19. The system according to claim 18 , wherein catalyst pellets are loaded on top of, around, inside, or below the structured catalyst of the reforming reactor.