Method for manufacturing a part made of composite material using a thin-walled mold
A thin-walled mold and a method for manufacturing a part made of composite material, the material including reinforcing fibers and a polymer matrix, the method including the following consecutive steps: installing, in a matrix mounted on a press, a closed thin-walled mold in which reinforcing fibers have been arranged; closing the press; injecting a polymer or a reactive composition including at least one prepolymer, at least one monomer or a mixture thereof, in the molten state, into the closed thin-walled mold; keeping the press closed during all or part of the polymerisation of the polymer matrix when a reactive composition is used; opening the press and removing the thin-walled mold from the press, while maintaining a residual pressure of between 0.7 and 10 bar, preferably between 0.7 and 5 bar, inside the mold; and cooling the mold under said residual pressure.
1. A method for manufacturing a part made of composite material, said material comprising reinforcing fibers and a polymer matrix, the method comprising the following successive steps:
installing into a matrix mounted on a press a closed thin-walled mold wherein reinforcing fibers have been arranged,
closing the press,
injecting in the molten state into the closed thin-walled mold a polymer or a reactive composition comprising at least one prepolymer, at least one monomer or their mixture,
maintaining the closing of the press for all or part of the polymerization of the polymer matrix, when a reactive composition is used,
opening the press,
removing the thin-walled mold from the press, while maintaining a residual pressure between 0.7 and 10 bar, in said mold,
cooling the mold under said residual pressure,
wherein the cooling step consists in positioning the thin-walled mold in a cold forming machine regulated at a temperature less than or equal to the crystallization temperature of the polymer formed under a residual pressure between 0.7 and 10 bar.
2. The method according to claim 1 , the thin-walled mold being made of a heat-conducting material.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thin-walled mold is provided with a vacuum filling system facilitating a pressure of 0.7 bar to 0.9 bar.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the matrix of the press is maintained at a constant temperature between 250° C. and 320° C.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein after the cooling step, the method comprises a demolding step of the composite material from the thin-walled mold.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein when the injection step is carried out with a reactive composition, then the polymerization of the reactive composition is carried out in the presence of degassing.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step for maintaining the closure of the press for all or part of the polymerization is carried out with compression of the mold.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer matrix is selected from polyamide, polyester, polyamide-imide, polyamide-ether, polyacrylic, polyolefin, phenylene polysulfide, polyether-imide matrices.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said reinforcing fibers are selected from mineral fibers, or from synthetic fibers or from the mixtures thereof; and/or in which the reinforcing fibers have an L/D ratio greater than 1,000, L being the mean length of the fibers and D their mean diameter.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a thermal conductivity of the thin-walled mold is at least 0.1 W·m -1 K -1 .
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a thermal conductivity of the thin-walled mold is at least 0.3 W·m -1 K -1 .