Switched-capacitor converter configurations with phase switches and stack switches
An apparatus for power conversion includes a transformation stage for transforming a first voltage into a second voltage. The transformation stage includes a switching network, a filter, and a controller. The filter is configured to connect the transformation stage to a regulator. The controller controls the switching network.
1. An apparatus for power conversion, the apparatus comprising: a plurality of switches configured to facilitate operation of a switched-capacitor converter, the plurality of switches being configured to switch between a first state and a second state to transition a switched-capacitor network of the switched-capacitor converter between a first switch arrangement and a second switch arrangement, wherein the plurality of switches comprises one or more phase switches and one or more stack switches; a controller configured to receive one or more feedback signals from one or more terminals of the switched-capacitor converter, the one or more feedback signals being indicative of the operation of the switched-capacitor converter; and a first die and a second die configured according to a first configuration or a second configuration, wherein, in the first configuration, the one or more phase switches are on the first die and the one or more stack switches are on the second die, and in the second configuration, the controller is on the first die and a particular switch of the plurality of switches is on the second die.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of switches are controllable to switch between the first state and the second state at a switching frequency to facilitate zero current switching (ZCS) of one or more switches of the plurality of switches.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to output one or more control signals to open the plurality of switches during a dead-time interval of the switched-capacitor network.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller comprises a first feedback loop to output a first control signal for controlling an intermediate voltage.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the one or more feedback signals comprise a first feedback signal indicative of the intermediate voltage and a second feedback signal indicative of an input voltage, and the controller is configured to output the first control signal according to the first feedback signal and the second feedback signal.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the controller comprises a second feedback loop to output a second control signal for controlling an output voltage, and the second feedback loop is coupled to the first feedback loop.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the second control signal is configured to serve as a gate drive to drive a gate terminal of a transistor in a regulating circuit connected to the switched-capacitor network.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the one or more feedback signals further comprise a third feedback signal indicative of the output voltage, and the controller is configured to control the output voltage according to the third feedback signal and a reference signal.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first feedback loop and the second feedback loop are on the same die.
10. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first feedback loop and the second feedback loop are on different dies.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an inductor connected to the switched-capacitor network, wherein the inductor sustains a peak-to-peak voltage ripple and supports an inductor current flowing through the inductor in operation at a particular switching frequency, the inductor current defining an average inductor current.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the inductor current is a rectified sinusoidal current.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein an inductance of the inductor is proportional to a value selected by dividing the peak-to-peak voltage ripple by a product of the average inductor current and a switching frequency.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein a constant of proportionality by which the value is multiplied to obtain the inductance is 13/24.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the particular switch comprises at least one phase switch or at least one stack switch.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the switched-capacitor network further comprises: a first controller, a second controller, and an inter-controller commissure, wherein in the first configuration, the first controller is configured to control the one or more phase switches on the first die, wherein the second controller is configured to control the one or more stack switches on the second die, wherein the inter-controller commissure provides a link between the first controller and the second controller to permit operation of the one or more phase switches on the first die that depends at least in part on operation of the one or more stack switches on the second die, and to permit operation of the one or more stack switches on the second die that depends at least in part on operation of the one or more phase switches on the first die.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the first controller is on the first die and wherein the second controller is on the second die, and wherein the inter-controller commissure extends between the first die and the second die.
18. The apparatus of claim 16 , further comprising a third die and a fourth die, wherein the first controller is on the third die and wherein the second controller is on the fourth die, and wherein the inter-controller commissure extends between the third die and the fourth die.
19. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the switched-capacitor converter is a two-phase converter, wherein the apparatus further comprises a third die and a fourth die, wherein the one or more stack switches comprise a first set of stack switches and a second set of stack switches, each of which is associated with one phase of the two-phase converter, wherein the first set of stack switches is on the second die and the second set of stack switches is on the fourth die, wherein the one or more phase switches comprise a first set of phase switches and a second set of phase switches, each of which is associated with one phase of the two-phase converter, and wherein the first set of phase switches is on the first die and the second set of phase switches is on the third die.