Window obscuration sensors for mobile gas and chemical imaging cameras
An infrared (IR) imaging system for determining a concentration of a target species in an object is disclosed. The imaging system can include an optical system including a focal plane array (FPA) unit behind an optical window. The optical system can have components defining at least two optical channels thereof, said at least two optical channels being spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels can be positioned to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards the optical FPA. The system can include a processing unit containing a processor that can be configured to acquire multispectral optical data representing said target species from the IR radiation received at the optical FPA. One or more of the optical channels may be used in detecting objects on or near the optical window, to avoid false detections of said target species.
1. An imaging system comprising:
a plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels disposed between an optical window and an optical detector system to transfer incident radiation from the optical window to the optical detector system; and
a processing circuitry configured to:
receive a first image and a second image from respective first optical channel and second optical channel of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels; and
in response to determining that at least one cross-correlation between the first image and the second image exceeds a predetermined threshold, providing an alert that the optical window is obscured.
2. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to create a first gradient image and second gradient image from the first image and the second image, respectively.
3. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to evaluate focus levels of the first image and the second image to detect whether the optical window is obscured.
4. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to evaluate contrast levels of the first image and the second image to detect whether the optical window is obscured.
5. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform edge enhancement of the first image and the second image.
6. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform edge detection of the first image and the second image.
7. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical channel out of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels is associated with a focal length less than 2 meters and other optical channels of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels are associated with one or more focal lengths of greater than 10 meters.
8. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical channel out of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels is associated with a focal length less than 2 meters and other optical channels of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels are associated with one or more focal lengths of greater than 20 meters.
9. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the first optical channel and the second optical channel of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels are spatially distinct in a given direction, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to compare image data from the first optical channel and the second optical channel at a plurality of offsets along the given direction to detect whether the optical window is obscured.
10. An imaging system comprising:
a plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels configured to transfer incident radiation from an optical window to an optical detector system, wherein a first optical channel of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels is in focus at the optical window to detect whether the optical window is obscured.
11. The imaging system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels comprises a second optical channel and other optical channels include imaging lenses for imaging objects onto the optical detector system, wherein focal lengths for the imaging lenses in the other optical channels exceed a focal length for the first optical channel.
12. The imaging system of claim 11 , wherein the optical detector system comprises at least one optical detector having a plurality of regions, each of the plurality of regions being associated with one of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels.
13. The imaging system of claim 11 , wherein the first optical channel and the second optical channel of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels are spatially distinct in a given direction, and wherein the imaging system comprises a processing circuitry configured to compare image data from the first optical channel and the second optical channel at a plurality of offsets along the given direction to detect whether the optical window is obscured.
14. The imaging system of claim 10 , wherein the optical detector system comprises a plurality of optical detectors, each of which is associated with one of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels.
15. The imaging system of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels are in focus at a distance of at least 20 meters to detect a target species.
16. A method of detecting obscuration of an optical window in an imaging system, the imaging system comprising a processing circuitry and a plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels, each optical channel including a set of lenses that focus incident light on a respective portion of an optical detector system, the method comprising:
receiving a first image and a second image from respective first optical channel and second optical channel of the plurality of spatially and spectrally distinct optical channels; and
in response to determining that at least one cross-correlation between the first image and the second image exceeds a predetermined threshold, providing an alert that the optical window is obscured.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein analyzing the first image and the second image comprises comparing the first image and the second image to identify obscuration that may degrade operation of the imaging system.
18. The method of claim 16 , comprises analyzing the first image and the second image, wherein the analyzing comprises comparing the first image and the second image and using differences between the first image and the second image caused by parallax to determine whether obscuration is present.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising subtracting a first reference image from the first image and subtracting a second reference image from the second image.
20. The method of claim 18 , further comprising, with the processing circuitry, applying a Sobel filter to the first image and the second image.