IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,619,118
Granted Patent B2
US 12,619,118 · App. 17/659,058 · Granted May 5, 2026

Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices

Inventors: Gordon E. Jack (San Jose, CA); Sridhar Karthik Kailasam (Fremont, CA); Stephen Clark Brown (San Mateo, CA); Anshu A. Pradhan (Collierville, TN); Jose Vigano (Milpitas, CA); Dhairya Shrivastava (Los Altos, CA); Mark David Mendenhall (Fremont, CA)
Assignee: View Operating Corporation
G02F1/163E06B3/6722E06B9/24G02F1/0121E06B2009/2464G02F2201/58
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,619,118
App. No.
17/659,058
Granted
May 5, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure concern controllers and control methods for applying a drive voltage to bus bars of optically switchable devices such as electrochromic devices. Such devices are often provided on windows such as architectural glass. In certain embodiments, the applied drive voltage is controlled in a manner that efficiently drives an optical transition over the entire surface of the electrochromic device. The drive voltage is controlled to account for differences in effective voltage experienced in regions between the bus bars and regions proximate the bus bars. Regions near the bus bars experience the highest effective voltage. In some cases, feedback may be used to monitor an optical transition. In these or other cases, a group of optically switchable devices may transition together over a particular duration to achieve approximately uniform tint states over time during the transition.

Claims (75)

1 . A controller for optically switchable devices, the controller being configured to:

apply a plurality of electrical drive signals to a corresponding plurality of optically switchable devices; and

stagger application of the electrical drive signals.

2 . The controller of claim 1 , further configured to determine the electrical drive signals for each of the plurality of optically switchable devices.

3 . The controller of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to determine the electrical drive signals for each of the plurality of optically switchable devices by:

applying an electrical sensing pulse to each of the plurality of optically switchable devices,

analyzing a response of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices to the electrical sensing pulse, and

determining the electrical drive signals for each of the plurality of optically switchable devices based at least in part on the response of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices to the electrical sensing pulse.

4 . The controller of claim 3 , wherein applying the electrical sensing pulse to each of the plurality of optically switchable devices comprises at least one technique selected from the group consisting of (1) applying a probe voltage to each of the plurality of optically switchable devices, (2) applying a probe current to each of the plurality of optically switchable devices, and/or (3) applying open circuit conditions to each of the plurality of optically switchable devices.

5 . The controller of claim 4 , wherein analyzing the response of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices to the electrical sensing pulse comprises at least one technique selected from the group consisting of (1) analyzing a current response to the probe voltage, (2) analyzing a voltage response to the probe current, and/or (3) analyzing an open circuit voltage in response to the open circuit conditions.

6 . The controller of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to apply updated electrical drive signals for an ongoing optical transition for each of the plurality of optically switchable devices by:

applying an electrical sensing pulse to each of the plurality of optically switchable devices at a first time,

analyzing a response of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices to the electrical sensing pulse,

determining one or more electrical characteristics of each the plurality of optically switchable devices at the first time,

comparing the one or more electrical characteristics of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices at the first time with one or more electrical characteristics of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices at a second time,

determining whether a change in the one or more electrical characteristics of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices between the first time and the second time reaches a threshold amount, and

applying the updated electrical drive signals when the change in the one or more electrical characteristics of each of the plurality of optically switchable devices between the first time and the second time reaches the threshold amount.

7 . The controller of claim 1 , wherein staggering the application of the electrical drive signals comprises sequentially applying two or more of the plurality of electrical drive signals.

8 . The controller of claim 7 , wherein staggering the application of the electrical drive signals comprises sequentially applying each of the plurality of electrical drive signals.

9 . The controller of claim 1 , wherein the controller is capable of applying the electrical drive signals to each of the optically switchable devices within a group of optically switchable devices simultaneously.

10 . The controller of claim 1 , wherein the stagger of the application of the electrical drive signals minimizes a peak power draw of the plurality of optically switchable devices.

11 . The controller of claim 1 , wherein the stagger of the application of the electrical drive signals causes a peak power draw of each optically switchable device to occur at a different time.

12 . A system of optically switchable devices, the system comprising:

a first optically switchable device comprising a first optically switchable material;

a second optically switchable device comprising a second optically switchable material; and

a controller configured to provide a first electrical drive signal to the first optically switchable device and a second electrical drive signal to the second optically switchable device,

wherein the controller is configured to temporally stagger application of the first electrical drive signal and the second electrical drive signal.

13 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to temporally stagger application of the first electrical drive signal and the second electrical drive signal by applying the second electrical drive signal after applying the first electrical drive signal.

14 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to:

characterize one or more electrical properties of each of the first and second optically switchable devices;

establish the first electrical drive signal and the second electrical drive signal based on the characterized one or more electrical properties of each of the first and second optically switchable devices; and

temporally stagger the application of the first and second electrical drive signals based on one or more characteristics of the first and second electrical drive signals.

15 . The system of claim 12 , further comprising:

a third optically switchable device comprising a third optically switchable material; and

a fourth optically switchable device comprising a fourth optically switchable material,

wherein the controller is configured to provide a third electrical drive signal to the third optically switchable device and to provide a fourth electrical drive signal to the fourth optically switchable device, and

wherein the controller is configured to temporally stagger application of each of the first, second, third, and fourth electrical drive signals relative to one another such that none of the first, second, third, or fourth electrical drive signals are applied simultaneously with any other of the first, second, third, or fourth electrical drive signals.

16 . The system of claim 12 , wherein:

the first and second optically switchable devices are part of a plurality of optically switchable devices; and

the controller is configured to:

establish, for each of the plurality of optically switchable devices, a corresponding electrical drive signal and provide the electrical drive signal to the corresponding optically switchable device;

determine which of the plurality of electrical drive signals can be applied simultaneously with one another without causing one or more electrical characteristics to exceed a predetermine threshold; and

if two of the plurality of electrical drive signals, when applied simultaneously with one another, would cause the one or more electrical characteristics to exceed the predetermined threshold, temporally stagger the two electrical drive signals relative to one another.

17 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to apply updated electrical drive signals for an ongoing optical transition for each of the first and second optically switchable devices by:

applying an electrical sensing pulse to each of the first and second optically switchable devices at a first time,

analyzing a response of each of the first and second optically switchable devices to the electrical sensing pulse,

determining one or more electrical characteristics of each the first and second optically switchable devices at the first time,

comparing the one or more electrical characteristics of the first and second optically switchable devices at the first time with one or more electrical characteristics of the first and second optically switchable devices at a second time,

determining whether a change in the one or more electrical characteristics of the first and second optically switchable devices between the first time and the second time reaches a threshold amount, and

applying the updated electrical drive signals when the change in the one or more electrical characteristics of first and second optically switchable devices between the first time and the second time reaches the threshold amount.

18 . A controller for an optically switchable device, the controller being configured to:

apply an applied signal to the optically switchable device in a ramp to drive period during which the applied signal changes with a first slope;

following the ramp to drive period, apply the applied signal that changes with a second slope having an absolute value higher than that of the first slope;

analyze a response of the optically switchable device after the applied signal is applied with the second slope; and

determine a subsequent applied signal to apply to the optically switchable device based at least in part on the response of the optically switchable device.

19 . The controller of claim 18 , wherein the applied signal is an applied voltage.

20 . The controller of claim 19 , wherein the controller is configured to analyze the response of the optically switchable device to the applied voltage by analyzing a current response to applied voltage.

21 . A controller for an optically switchable device, the controller being configured to:

apply an electrical sensing pulse to the optically switchable device, analyze a response of the optically switchable device to the electrical sensing pulse, and

determine an electrical drive signal for the optically switchable device based at least in part on the response of the optically switchable device to the electrical sensing pulse,

wherein the controller is configured to apply an updated electrical drive signal for an ongoing optical transition on the optically switchable device by:

applying an electrical sensing pulse to the optically switchable device at a first time,

analyzing a response of the optically switchable device to the electrical sensing pulse,

determining one or more electrical characteristics of the optically switchable device at the first time,

comparing the one or more electrical characteristics of the optically switchable device at the first time with one or more electrical characteristics of the optically switchable device at a second time,

determining whether a change in the one or more electrical characteristics of the optically switchable device between the first time and the second time reaches a threshold amount, and

applying the updated electrical drive signal when the change in the one or more electrical characteristics of the optically switchable device between the first time and the second time reaches the threshold amount.

22 . The controller of claim 18 , wherein the second slope has an opposite polarity to the first slope.

23 . The controller of claim 18 , wherein the change in the applied signal occurs after a delay following the ramp to drive period, during which the applied signal is held at a level at an end point of the ramp to drive period.

24 . The controller of claim 20 , wherein the change in the applied voltage occurs after a delay following the ramp to drive period, during which the applied voltage is held at a level at an end point of the ramp to drive period.

25 . The controller of claim 24 , wherein the change in the applied voltage is a change to a level of a hold voltage, the hold voltage being a voltage necessary to indefinitely maintain the optically switchable device in an ending optical state.

26 . The controller of claim 25 , wherein:

the response of the optically switchable device is a measured current; and

when the measured current does not reach a predetermined threshold, the controller changes the applied voltage from the hold voltage towards the level at the end point of the ramp to drive period, for a period of time, and thereafter again changes the applied voltage to the hold voltage.

27 . The controller of claim 18 , wherein the response of the optically switchable device is a current measured a predetermined time after the applied signal is applied with the second slope.

Assignments (3)
MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME Recorded Dec 19, 2024
From: VIEW, INC.; PVMS MERGER SUB, INC.; VIEW OPERATING CORPORATION
To: VIEW OPERATING CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 069743/0586 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Oct 17, 2023
From: VIEW, INC.
To: CANTOR FITZGERALD SECURITIES
Reel/Frame 065266/0810 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jan 10, 2023
From: JACK, GORDON E.; KAILASAM, SRIDHAR KARTHIK; BROWN, STEPHEN CLARK; PRADHAN, ANSHU A.; VIGANO, JOSE; SHRIVASTAVA, DHAIRYA; MENDENHALL, MARK DAVID
To: VIEW, INC.
Reel/Frame 062334/0478 →
Continuity (27)
Continuation In Part 17444010 · Jul 29, 2021
Continuation 16132226 · Sep 14, 2018
Continuation 15705170 · Sep 14, 2017
Continuation 15286193 · Oct 5, 2016
Continuation In Part 14900037
Continuation In Part 13931459 · Jun 28, 2013
Continuation In Part 17249148 · Feb 22, 2021
Continuation 16096557
Continuation In Part 14391122
Continuation In Part 17168721 · Feb 5, 2021
Continuation 16380929 · Apr 10, 2019
Continuation 16297461 · Mar 8, 2019
Continuation 15910931 · Mar 2, 2018
Continuation 15739562
Continuation In Part 15230725
Continuation In Part 17654458 · Mar 11, 2022
Continuation 16568639 · Sep 12, 2019
Continuation 15334835 · Oct 26, 2016
Continuation In Part 14998019 · Oct 6, 2015
Provisional Application 62239776 · Oct 9, 2015
Provisional Application 62327880 · Apr 26, 2016
Provisional Application 61624175 · Apr 13, 2012
Provisional Application 62191975 · Jul 13, 2015
Provisional Application 62190012 · Jul 8, 2015
Provisional Application 62019325 · Jun 30, 2014
Provisional Application 62248181 · Oct 29, 2015
Related Publication 20220334445A1 · Oct 20, 2022
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