Thermal and Acoustic Fire Protection Felt
A thermal insulation and fire protection felt product is provided. The felt product includes a first layer including a first plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers bonded together by a first plurality of melted thermoplastic polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers homogeneously mixed with the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers. The first plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers. A second layer includes a second plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized PAN precursor fibers bonded together by a second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers homogeneously mixed with the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers. The second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers.
1 . A thermal insulation and fire protection felt comprising:
a plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled fibers bonded together by a plurality of melted thermoplastic resin fibers homogeneously mixed with the plurality of mechanically entangled fibers, wherein
the plurality of melted thermoplastic resin fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the plurality of mechanically entangled fibers, and
the thermal insulation and fire protection felt does not ignite when subjected to one or more of FMVSS302 or SAE J369 horizontal burn tests and/or obtains a V0 rating when subjected to UL94 vertical burn test.
2 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
the plurality of mechanically entangled fibers comprises oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers.
3 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
the plurality of melted thermoplastic resin fibers comprises polyphenylene sulfide (PPS).
4 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
the plurality of melted thermoplastic resin fibers comprise polyester.
5 . A thermal insulation and fire protection felt product comprising:
first and second layers each comprising the thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 ; and
a scrim disposed between and bonded to the first and second layers.
6 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt product of claim 5 , further comprising:
a coating applied to an exterior surface of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt product, wherein
the coating comprises a silicone, ceramic, and/or an intumescent coating.
7 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
the plurality of mechanically entangled fibers further comprises a maximum of 40% by weight of a plurality of inorganic fibers and a remaining plurality of organic fibers.
8 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 2 , wherein the PAN fibers comprise between 60% and 70% carbon by weight.
9 . A vehicle battery compartment comprising:
a vent to allow hot gases to exit the vehicle battery compartment;
a plurality of battery modules disposed within the vehicle battery compartment; and
the thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 disposed between the plurality of battery modules, wherein
a first portion of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt is compressed,
a second portion of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt is expanded, and
the first and second portions of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt create a path to divert hot gases from at least one of the plurality of battery modules to the vent of the vehicle battery compartment.
10 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
a proportion of the melted thermoplastic resin fibers is 30% by weight of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt.
11 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 10 , wherein
the thermal insulation and fire protection felt exhibits board-like rigidity.
12 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
a proportion of the melted thermoplastic resin fibers is 3% by weight of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt.
13 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
the thermal insulation and fire protection felt is folded in an alternating manner and fastened to itself.
14 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
the plurality of melted thermoplastic resin fibers exhibit a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 45%.
15 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt of claim 1 , wherein
an exterior surface of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt exhibits a dielectric strength of 25 to 50 volts per mil.
16 . A thermal insulation and fire protection felt product comprising:
a first layer comprising:
a first plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers bonded together by a first plurality of melted thermoplastic polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers homogeneously mixed with the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers, wherein
the first plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers;
a second layer comprising:
a second plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized PAN precursor fibers bonded together by a second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers homogeneously mixed with the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers, wherein
the second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers;
a scrim layer disposed between the first and second layers; and
a coating applied to an exterior surface of the thermal insulation and fire protection felt product, wherein
the coating is formed from silicone, ceramic, or an intumescent coating.
17 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt product of claim 16 , wherein
the plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers exhibit a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 45%.
18 . A thermal insulation and fire protection felt product comprising:
a first layer comprising:
a first plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers bonded together by a first plurality of melted thermoplastic polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers homogeneously mixed with the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers, wherein
the first plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers;
a second layer comprising:
a second plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized PAN precursor fibers bonded together by a second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers homogeneously mixed with the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers, wherein
the second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers; and
a scrim layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein
the thermal insulation and fire protection felt does not ignite when subjected to one or more of FMVSS302, and/or SAE J369 horizontal burn tests and/or obtains a V0 rating when subjected to UL94 vertical burn test.
19 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt product of claim 18 , wherein
the scrim comprises filament fibers woven with a third plurality of melted PPS fibers.
20 . The thermal insulation and fire protection felt product of claim 18 , wherein
the first or the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers comprise a maximum of 40% by weight of a plurality of inorganic fibers and a remaining plurality of organic fibers.