Carbon-negative metallurgical products
Some variations provide a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product, wherein the carbon-negative carbon product contains at least about 50 wt % carbon. In some embodiments, the carbon intensity is less than −500 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product. Other variations provide a carbon-negative metal product (e.g., a steel product) that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the metal product contains from 50 wt % to 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements. In some embodiments, the carbon-negative metal product is characterized by a carbon intensity less than −200 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product. The carbon-negative metal product can contain a wide variety of metals.
1. A carbon-negative metal product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the carbon-negative metal product contains from about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements;
wherein the one or more alloying elements are selected from Al, Bi, B, C, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, S, Ta, Ti, W, V, Zr, Zn, or combinations thereof; and
wherein the one or more alloying elements include hydrogen.
2. The carbon-negative metal product of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen is derived from a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon-product carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product.
3. A carbon-negative metal product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the carbon-negative metal product contains from about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements;
wherein the one or more alloying elements are selected from Al, Bi, B, C, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, S, Ta, Ti, W, V, Zr, Zn, or combinations thereof; and
wherein the one or more alloying elements include nitrogen.
4. The carbon-negative metal product of claim 3 , wherein the nitrogen is derived from a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon-product carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product.
5. A carbon-negative metal product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the carbon-negative metal product contains from about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements;
wherein the one or more alloying elements are selected from Al, Bi, B, C, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, S, Ta, Ti, W, V, Zr, Zn, or combinations thereof; and
wherein the one or more alloying elements include oxygen.
6. The carbon-negative metal product of claim 5 , wherein the oxygen is derived from a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon-product carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product.
7. A carbon-negative metal product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the carbon-negative metal product contains from about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements;
wherein the one or more alloying elements are selected from Al, Bi, B, C, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, S, Ta, Ti, W, V, Zr, Zn, or combinations thereof; and
wherein the one or more alloying elements include sulfur.
8. The carbon-negative metal product of claim 7 , wherein the sulfur is derived from a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon-product carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product.
9. A carbon-negative metal product that is characterized by a carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative metal product, wherein the carbon-negative metal product contains from about 50 wt % to about 100 wt % of one or more metals and optionally one or more alloying elements;
wherein the one or more alloying elements are selected from Al, Bi, B, C, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, S, Ta, Ti, W, V, Zr, Zn, or combinations thereof; and
wherein the one or more alloying elements include phosphorus.
10. The carbon-negative metal product of claim 9 , wherein the phosphorus is derived from a carbon-negative carbon product that is characterized by a carbon-product carbon intensity less than 0 kg CO 2 e per metric ton of the carbon-negative carbon product.