Organometallic compound, organic light-emitting device including the same, and electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device
An organometallic compound, represented by Formula 1: M 1 (Ln 1 ) n1 (Ln 2 ) n2 Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M 1 is a transition metal, Ln 1 is a ligand represented by Formula 1-1, Ln 2 is a ligand represented by Formula 2-1 or 2-2, n1 is 1 or 2, and n2 is 1 or 2: wherein, in Formulae 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2, CY 1 , X 21 to X 28 , X 31 , X 32 , R 10 , R 31 to R 37 , R 41 to R 44 , and b10 are as defined herein, and * and *′ each indicates a binding site to M 1 .
1. An organometallic compound, represented by Formula 1:
M 1 (Ln 1 ) n1 (Ln 2 ) n2 Formula 1
wherein, in Formula 1,
M 1 is a transition metal,
Ln 1 is a ligand represented by Formula 1-1,
Ln 2 is a ligand represented by Formula 2-1 or 2-2,
n1 is 1 or 2,
n2 is 1 or 2,
wherein, in Formulae 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2,
each bond between a *—N moiety in Formula 1-1 and M 1 is a coordinate bond, and each bond between a *′—C moiety and M 1 is a covalent bond,
each bond between a *—X 31 moiety in Formula 2-1 and M 1 in Formula 1 is a coordinate bond, each bond between a *′—X 32 moiety in Formula 2-1 and M 1 in Formula 1 is a covalent bond, each bond between a *—O moiety in Formula 2-2 and M 1 in Formula 1 is a covalent bond, and each bond between a *′—N moiety in Formula 2-2 and M 1 in Formula 1 is a coordinate bond,
CY 1 is a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, or a benzoisoquinoline group,
X 21 is N or C(R 21 ), X 22 is N or C(R 22 ), X 23 is N or C(R 23 ), X 24 is N or C(R 24 ), X 25 is N or C(R 25 ), X 26 is N or C(R 26 ), X 27 is N or C(R 27 ), and X 28 is N or C(R 28 ),
at least one of X 21 to X 28 is N,
X 31 and X 32 are each independently O or S,
R 10 , R 21 to R 28 , R 31 to R 37 , and R 41 to R 44 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —N(Q 4 )(Q 5 ), —B(Q 6 )(Q 7 ), —P(Q 8 )(Q 9 ), or —P(═O)(Q 8 )(Q 9 ),
two or more of R 10 (s) are optionally linked together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 heterocyclic group,
two or more of R 21 to R 28 are optionally linked together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 heterocyclic group,
two or more of R 31 to R 37 are optionally linked together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 heterocyclic group,
two or more of R 41 to R 44 are optionally linked together to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 heterocyclic group,
neighboring two or more of R 10 , R 21 to R 28 , R 31 to R 37 , and R 41 to R 44 are optionally linked to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 heterocyclic group,
b10 is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8,
* and *′ each indicate a binding site to M 1 ,
at least one substituent of the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, the substituted C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, the substituted C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, the substituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, the substituted C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, the substituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is:
deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD 3 , —CD 2 H, —CDH 2 , —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group;
a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, or a C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group, each substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD 3 , —CD 2 H, —CDH 2 , —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), —Ge(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), —N(Q 14 )(Q 15 ), —B(Q 16 )(Q 17 ), —P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), —P(═O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or a combination thereof;
a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;
a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD 3 , —CD 2 H, —CDH 2 , —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, a C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, a C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), —Ge(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), —N(Q 24 )(Q 25 ), —B(Q 26 )(Q 27 ), —P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), —P(═O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or a combination thereof; or
—Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), —Ge(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), —N(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), —B(Q 36 )(Q 37 ), —P(Q 38 )(Q 39 ), or —P(═O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 ), and
Q 1 to Q 9 , Q 11 to Q 19 , Q 21 to Q 29 , and Q 31 to Q 39 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 alkyl heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 heteroaryl alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroarylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.
2. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein M 1 is iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), or gold (Au).
3. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein M 1 is Ir, and
the sum of n1 and n2 is 3.
4. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein CY 1 is a group represented by one of Formulae 3-1 to 3-12:
wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-12,
R 11 to R 18 are respectively the same as described in connection with R 10 in claim 1 , and
* indicates a binding site to M 1 , and *′ indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.
5. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein one of X 21 to X 28 is N, or two of X 21 to X 28 are N.
6. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein R 10 , R 21 to R 28 , R 31 to R 37 , and R 41 to R 44 are each independently: hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CD 3 , —CD 2 H, —CDH 2 , —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkenyl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkynyl group, a C 1 -C 60 alkoxy group, a C 1 -C 60 alkylthio group, —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), or —Ge(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), or
a group represented by one of Formulae 9-1 to 9-67, 9-201 to 9-244, 10-1 to 10-154, or 10-201 to 10-350:
wherein, in Formulae 9-1 to 9-67, 9-201 to 9-244, 10-1 to 10-154, and 10-201 to 10-350, * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom, Ph is a phenyl group, TMS is a trimethylsilyl group, and TMG is a trimethylgermyl group.
7. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein R 10 and R 21 to R 28 are each independently hydrogen, a C 1 -C 60 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 60 aryl group, a C 2 -C 60 alkyl aryl group, a C 2 -C 60 aryl alkyl group, —Si(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ), or —Ge(Q 1 )(Q 2 )(Q 3 ).
8. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein R 31 to R 37 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a 1-methylethyl group, a butyl group, a 2-methylpropyl group, a 1-methylpropyl group, a 1,1-dimethylethyl group, a pentyl group, a 3-methylbutyl group, a 2-methylbutyl group, a 1-methylbutyl group, a 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, a 2,2-dimethyl propyl group, a 1-ethylpropyl group, or a 3-methyl-2-butyl group.
9. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein R 41 to R 44 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a 1-methylethyl group, a butyl group, a 2-methylpropyl group, a 1-methylpropyl group, a 1,1-dimethylethyl group, a pentyl, a 3-methylbutyl group, a 2-methylbutyl group, a 1-methylbutyl group, a 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, a 2,2-dimethylpropyl group, a 1-ethylpropyl group, a 3-methyl-2-butyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a C 1 -C 20 alkylphenyl group, or a naphthyl group.
10. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein each Ln 1 is represented by one of Formulae 11-1 to 11-12:
wherein, in Formulae 11-1 to 11-12,
X 21 to X 28 are respectively as described in claim 1 ,
R 11 to R 18 are respectively as described in connection with R 10 in claim 1 , and
* and *′ each indicate a binding site to M 1 .
11. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein each Ln 2 is represented by one of Formulae 21-1 to 21-4:
wherein, in Formulae 21-1 to 21-4,
R 31 to R 37 are respectively as described in claim 1 , and
* and *′ each indicate a binding site to M 1 .
12. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein each Ln 2 is represented by one of Formulae 22-1 to 22-16:
wherein, in Formulae 22-1 to 22-16,
R 41 to R 44 are respectively as described in claim 1 , and are each not hydrogen, and
* and *′ each indicate a binding site to M 1 .
13. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound is a group represented by one or more of Formulae 31-1 to 31-24:
wherein, in Formulae 31-1 to 31-24,
M 1 , n1, n2, X 21 to X 28 , R 31 to R 37 , and R 41 to R 44 are respectively as described in claim 1 , and
R 11 to R 18 are respectively as described in connection with R 10 in claim 1 .
14. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound is electrically neutral.
15. The organometallic compound of claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound is one or more of Compounds 1 to 17:
16. An organic light-emitting device, comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
an organic layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode,
wherein the organic layer comprises an emission layer, and
wherein the organic layer further comprises at least one organometallic compound of claim 1 .
17. The organic light-emitting device of claim 16 , wherein the emission layer comprises the at least one organometallic compound.
18. The organic light-emitting device of claim 17 , wherein the emission layer further comprises a host, and an amount of the host in the emission layer is greater than an amount of the at least one organometallic compound in the emission layer.
19. The organic light-emitting device of claim 16 , wherein
the first electrode is an anode,
the second electrode is a cathode,
the organic layer further comprises a hole transport region arranged between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region arranged between the emission layer and the second electrode,
the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a buffer layer, or a combination thereof, and
the electron transport region comprises a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or a combination thereof.
20. An electronic apparatus, comprising the organic light-emitting device of claim 16 .